Reproductive Strategies
What is the gestation period?
What is the gestation period?
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
The central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What is asexual reproduction?
A type of reproduction involving only one parent.
In what year did the Berlin Wall officially fall, symbolizing the impending end of the Cold War
1989
Explain why different animals have different gestation periods.
Different animals have different gestation periods because species vary in size, complexity, and the level of development needed before birth. Larger animals generally have longer gestation periods than smaller animals.
Identify the roles of receptors and effectors in a homeostatic response.
Receptors detect changes (stimuli) in the environment, while effectors carry out a response to help return conditions to the normal range.
What is the main function of the central nervous system (CNS)?
It detects stimuli, processes information, and coordinates responses
Give two advantages of asexual reproduction.
It is fast and does not require finding a mate.
In which U.S. city did jazz originate in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
New Orleans
Compare how offspring are produced in birds, marsupials, and placental mammals.
Birds lay eggs that develop outside the mother's body. Marsupials give birth to underdeveloped young that continue developing in a pouch. Placental mammals give birth to more fully developed young after a longer period of development inside the uterus.
How does negative feedback maintain homeostasis?
It reverses a change and returns conditions to normal.
What is the role of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
It carries nerve impulses between the CNS and the rest of the body.
Why are offspring produced by asexual reproduction usually very similar to their parent?
They receive genetic material from only one parent, making them genetically identical or very similar.
Which 16th-century expedition is credited with being the first European voyage to successfully circumnavigate the Earth, even though its commander did not survive the entire journey?
The Magellan-Elcano Expedition
Describe what spawning is and explain how it differs from internal fertilisation.
Spawning is a reproductive strategy in which animals release eggs and sperm into the environment, where fertilisation occurs externally. Internal fertilisation occurs when sperm fertilises an egg inside the female's body before development begins.
What happens when blood glucose levels become too high?
Insulin is released, causing glucose to be stored and blood glucose to decrease.
Compare the autonomic and somatic nervous systems.
The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions such as sweating and heart rate, while the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements such as walking and eating.
What is a mutation and why is it important in asexual reproduction?
A mutation is a change in genetic material. It is important because it can create differences between offspring that would otherwise be genetically identical
Which NBA player holds the record for scoring the most points in a single regular-season game, putting up 100 points in 1962?
Wilt Chamberlin
Fish often release thousands of eggs with little or no parental care, while humans usually have only one baby at a time and provide many years of parental care. Using the concepts of r-selected and K-selected species, explain how these reproductive strategies help each species survive.
Fish are generally considered r-selected species because they produce large numbers of offspring, mature quickly, and invest little parental care. This strategy increases the chance that at least some offspring will survive despite high mortality rates.
Humans are considered K-selected species because they produce relatively few offspring, mature slowly, and invest significant time and resources into parental care. This strategy increases the survival and success of each individual offspring.
Both strategies are successful because they are adapted to different environmental conditions and survival challenges.
Compare blood glucose regulation and temperature regulation.
Both systems use negative feedback to maintain homeostasis. In blood glucose regulation, hormones such as insulin and glucagon help return blood sugar levels to normal. In temperature regulation, responses such as sweating, shivering, and changes in blood flow help return body temperature to normal. In both cases, receptors detect a change and effectors respond to restore balance.
Explain how a response to a stimulus travels through the nervous system.
A sensory neuron detects a stimulus and sends an impulse to the CNS. Interneurons process the information, and a motor neuron carries the response to a muscle or gland. This allows the body to respond quickly to changes in the environment.
Compare the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction is fast, requires less energy, and is useful for isolated organisms. However, because offspring are genetically similar, environmental changes or diseases can affect many individuals and increase the risk of extinction.
What singer has had a Billboard No. 1 hit in each of the last four decades?
Mariah Carey