Vocabulary
Characteristics
Minerals
Types of Rocks
Rock Cycle
100
What is a scientist who studies the earth called?
geologist
100
Geologists describe rocks according to different properities. Describe how they characterize rocks according to color?
Every rock has a color or colors that can be seen. Is it black, brown, gray, red, or some other color?
100
What is a non-living substance found in the earth.
A mineral is a non-living substance found in the earth.
100
Name the three types of rocks.
Sedimentary, Igneous, & Metamorphic
100
True or False: The three types of rocks don't always stay the same. What is this called?
True: These rocks don't always stay the same. All three forms of rocks can be changed into the other two forms. This is called the rock cycle.
200
What is the process through which rocks change from one form to another called?
cycle
200
Geologists describe rocks according to different properities. Describe how they characterize rocks according to texture?
Every rock feels a certain way. Is it rough, smooth, bumpy, or jagged?
200
True or False: Some rocks are made of more than on mineral.
True: Some rocks are made of more than on mineral.
200
This rock was made when layers of minerals built up at the bottom of a lake.
Sedimentary
200
Heat and pressure can change sedmentary rocks into what type of rocks?
Heat and pressure can change sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks.
300
Geologists can study many things that have to do with the earth. What are three examples of areas they may study?
Volcanoes, floods, oceans, earthquakes, and even objects in outer space
300
Geologists describe rocks according to different properities. Describe how they characterize rocks according to luster?
Every rock reflects light in a certain way. Is it shiny, dull, metallic, or sparkly?
300
Fill in the blanks: Minerals look the _________ throughout while you can see different ____________ within a ________________.
Minerals look the same throughout while you can see different mineral within a rock.
300
This rock was made when lava cooled and hardened.
Igneous
300
Wind and water can wear down metamorphic rocks and form what type of rocks?
Wind and water can wear down metamorphic rocks and form sedimentary rocks.
400
A scientist who collects and studies fossils is called?
Paleontologist
400
Geologists describe rocks according to different properities. Describe how they characterize rocks according to hardness.
Every rock has a different level of hardness. This can be tested by scratching it. What types of material can scratch the rock?
400
Fill in the blanks: _____________ look the __________ throughout while you can see ___________ ____________ within a ______________.
Minerals look the same throughout while you can see different minerals within a rock.
400
This rock was made when heat and pressure changed an igneous rock into another rock.
Metamorphic
400
Sedimentary rocks can melt, cool, and harden to form what type of rocks?
Sedimentary rocks can melt, cool, and harden to form igneous rocks.
500
What is the difference between a mold and cast fossil?
Mold fossils have hollow spaces that form after bits of mud, sand, stone, shell, or bone bury remains and the remains rot away. Shell fossils are often molds. A fossil that forms inside a hollow space is called a cast fossil. A fossil that formed in a mold is called a cast.
500
Geologists describe rocks according to different properities. Describe how they characterize rocks according to shape.
Every rock has a shape. Is it round, square, jagged, or some other shape?
500
Fill in the blanks: _________ look the ___________ throughout ___________ _____________ can __________ ____________ _______________ within a ______________.
Minerals look the same throughout while you can see different minerals within a rock.
500
Name and define each of the three types of rocks.
Some rocks are formed when small pieces of minerals pile up in layers. These are called sedimentary rocks. Other rocks are formed when magma, melted rock under the earth, cools and hardens. These are called igneous rocks. Some rocks are formed when heat and pressure are applied to igneous and sedimentary rocks. The heat and pressure cause these rocks to "morph" into another kind of rock. These are called metamorphic rocks.
500
Draw the rock cycle.
See illustration
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