States of Matter
Which state of matter keeps its shape and its volume?
Solid
Are metals mostly on the left or right side of the periodic table’s staircase?
Left side
Is melting ice a physical or chemical change?
Physical change
Which surface has more friction: tile or carpet?
Carpet
A ball at the top of a hill has mostly ______ energy.
Potential energy
What happens to particle speed when temperature increases?
Particles move faster
Explain why plastic is used to coat wires instead of aluminum foil.
Plastic doesn’t conduct electricity, so it keeps people safe.
During a neap tide, what position are the Sun, Moon, and Earth in, and is the tide stronger or weaker?
They form a right angle, and the tide is weaker.
A 400 N force pushes right and a 300 N force pushes left. What is the net force?
100 N to the right
What do waves transfer?
Energy!
A liquid has a definite ______ but no definite ______.
Definite volume; no definite shape
What do we call materials that do not conduct heat or electricity well?
Nonmetals/ Insulators
Give two signs that a chemical change has happened.
Color change, gas/bubbles, temperature change, new substance formed
What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
In a greenhouse, sunlight goes in and warms the inside. Which two types of energy are being changed in this system?
Radiant energy changes into thermal energy.
Put these in order from slowest to fastest particle motion: gas, solid, liquid
Solid → Liquid → Gas
Name two physical properties that metals usually have
Good conductors, shiny, malleable, ductile
Melting, freezing, and evaporating are all examples of what type of change?
Phase changes (physical changes).
A force pushing in the same direction as motion will make an object ______.
Speed up
Which way do the particles in transverse and longitudinal waves move?
Transverse waves- particles move up and down (perpendicular) to the direction the wave travels.
Longitudinal waves, particles move back and forth (parallel) to the direction the wave travels.
Explain why a balloon gets bigger when heated.
Particles move faster and spread out, expanding the balloon.
Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Describe one property they share with metals and one property they share with nonmetals. Metalloids
They can be shiny like metals, but they are brittle like nonmetals.
Spring tides occur during which lunar phases?
Full moon and New moon
Explain how unbalanced forces affect an object’s motion
They change an object’s speed or direction.
Explain why Earth has seasons.
Earth is tilted on its axis, so different areas get different amounts of direct sunlight.