Atoms/Elements
nucleus (center); protons & neutrons
Which type of chemical bond is created between a metal and nonmetal where one atom loses electrons & the other gains them?
Ionic Bond
Which form of energy is due to the movement of molecules (increased by friction)
thermal energy
What causes phase changes (changes between solids, liquids, gases, & plasmas)?
increase in thermal energy/heat
What is the difference between mass & weight of an object?
Mass is the amount of matter it's made of
Weight involves the amount of gravity pulling on that mass
*Don't need to use the exact same words above (but close)
The most current atomic model that shows the probability of where electrons exist is called the _____________________ model.
electron 'cloud'
Which type of bond is created when the atoms share valence electrons when 2 or more nonmetals bond together.
Covalent Bond
Which form of energy is stored in the bonds of molecules/compounds & released during reactions? Examples include: food, wood, fuels
chemical energy
During the actual phase change, there is NO change in temperature (like during the melting or freezing process). Why is this?
when the substance is melting (or freezing) all the energy is being used to separate the molecules instead of increasing the temperature.
Which of Newton's Laws states that an object a rest will remain at rest and on object in motion will remain in motion unless an outside force acts upon it?
Ex: when a satellite is orbiting a planet
1st Law - Law of Inertia
The columns on a Periodic Table are called ___________ and they can tell us the number of ________________ electrons.
groups; valance
What does a chemical formula represent?
A compound (H2O or CO2)
Which form of energy travels in transverse waves (light, gamma, etc).
Radiant or EM energy
Which type of heat transfer occurs when thermal energy occurs in the movement of fluids (gases & liquids). Ex: warm air rises as cold air falls
convection
Which of Newton's Laws states that for every action there's an equal and opposite reaction?
Ex: a rocket expelling gases to lift off the ground
3rd Law - Law of Reaction
The horizontal rows on the Periodic Table are called ______________ and they indicate the number of energy levels an atom will have.
Periods
A coefficient is the number in front of a chemical formula. What is the total number of C atoms in this formula: 4CH4
four
Which form of energy is stored in the nucleus of an atom and released?
nuclear energy
What type of heat transfer occurs when objects are touching? Like walking on hot sand
conduction
What is the formula used to calculate Newton's 2nd law (law of acceleration)?
Force = mass x acceleration
How do you find the number of neutrons of an element?
Round the atomic mass and subtract the atomic number (which is number of protons)
Reactants yields products
What energy transformation would take place in a gasoline powered car? Need 3 different forms.
ioniziation
The formula for work is: W = Force (N) x distance and the formula for power is: P = work (J) /time
If a box needs 50 N to be pushed a distance of 10 m, what is the amount of work being done?
W = 50 N x 10 m = 500 Joules