Oceanography
Name four pieces of information that the Ocean can give
1. The health of our planet
2. Human health
3. Sustainability and biodiversity
4. Research a product development
At least how long does the ground have to be frozen in order for it to be called permafrost?
2 years
What happens to the energy Earth receives from the sun?
1. Some is reflected back into space
2. Some is absorbed by the atmosphere
3. The rest is absorbed by the land and water
What are three types of heat transfer?
1. Radiation
2. Convection
3. Conduction
What is the atmosphere about?
The atmosphere is about air and gases that surround and are found in our planet
Name four things that the oceans and seas can provide us with?
1. Food
2. Medicine
3. Raw materials (sand, stone, water)
4. Recreation ( boating, scuba, fishing, surfing)
What does the Albedo Effect have to do with the cryosphere?
The Albedo Effect shows that lighter colors (white) reflects more heat than darker colors (black) this connects to the cryosphere because the snow is white it is able to reflect more heat, keeping it cool and frozen
What is evaporation?
Evaporation - the surface of a liquid absorbs enough energy to change into a gas
If there is more kinetic energy is it hot or cold?
Hot
What does it mean when the atmosphere evolves, give an example as to why the atmosphere can evolve today?
When the atmosphere evolves it means that the atmosphere is changing for the better or worse of this planet.
Example:Pollution, factories, car engines, smoke, anything that burns
What is a spring tide?
A spring tide is when the Moon and the Sun are in line causing very high, high tides and very low, low tides.
Is an ice sheet a glacier and are there any on earth if so where are they?
Yes, an ice sheet is an type of glacier
Yes, there are ice sheets on Earth in Greenland and Antarctica
What are the 8 parts of the water cycle?
1. Evaporation
2. Transpiration
3. Condensation
4. Precipitation
5. Infiltration
6. Percolation
7. Groundwater
8. Runoff
Define Radiation and give an example
Heat moving between objects that are not touching
-through waves
Example: The sun warming your face, anything that is not touching the object but is heating it is an example
How does the atmosphere exist?
The atmosphere exists by gravity keeping gas close to the Earth's surface and the atmosphere changes over millions of years and continues to change today
What is a neap tide
A neap tide is when the sun and the moon are at right angles to each other, so their pulls cancel out, and are not as great which creates much smaller tides.
Do glaciers contribute to the Sea level if they melt and can they carve landscapes if so how?
Yes, glaciers contribute to the Sea level if they melt
Yes, glaciers can carve landscapes by eroding mountain valleys and shaping underlying sediments as they flow
What part of the water cycle has to do with clouds?
Condensation
Define conduction and give an example
Conduction is when heat moves through an object by direct touch
Example: Touching a hot stove, an ice cube melting in your hands, anything that involves direct contact to something hot
What is the atmosphere protecting us from?
1. Harmful solar radiation
2. Meteors that fall towards the Earth
3. Keeping the Earth warm by the greenhouse effect
What are tides?
The regular rising and falling of the Sea.
What is the cryosphere?
The cryosphere is the part of Earth's climate system made out of water in its solid state
What's the difference between percolation and precipitation?
Percolation is water soaking deeper into the ground while precipitation is different forms of water that falls back down to the Earth's surface
Define and give an example of convection
Convection is heat that gets transferred by currents within a fluid or a gas
- hot air rises, cool air sinks
Example: Ocean currents, pot heating water, breezes (land and sea), practically anything that has heat circulating in a way that it gets transferred through a liquid or a gas and moves in a way so that the hot air rises and the cool air sinks
What is the atmosphere?
The atmosphere is layers of "protective" gas that surrounds the planet