Definitions
A force that acts on a rock sometimes changing it's shape
What is stress?
The fit of continents, fossil records, rock types, mountain ranges, and ancient climate records support this theory
What is continental drift?
New land is formed by these crashing events
What is a plate tectonic collision?
The thickest layer of the Earth about 2900 KM deep
What is the mantle?
When igneous and metamorphic rocks get weathered down.
What is sediments?
When rocks get squeezed together
What is compression?
When new crust forms at mid ocean ridges and gravity pushes other crust away helping tectonic plates move over time.
What is ridge push?
New land is formed by this explosion of magma being cooled down
What is volcanic activity?
The very center of the Earth
What is the inner core?
Deep low lying valleys on land where the continent is pulling apart
What is a rift valley?
When rocks get pulled in opposite directions (this normally happens at transform boundaries)
What is shearing?
When a dense oceanic plate sinks and pulls the rest of the plate with it. This helps move tectonic plates and may also result in earthquakes
What is slab pull?
Formed by rising hot magma that forces plates apart creating new crust
What is a divergent boundary formed by convection currents?
towards the middle of the Earth made up of molten iron and nickel
What is the outer core?
An underwater MT range where the ocean floor is spreading
What is a mid ocean ridge?
This is the result of of tectonic plates pulling the crust apart causing it to break a long faults
What is a fault block MT?
Magnetic stripes on the ocean floor created by North and South magnetic poles over the time of millions of years support this theory
What is sea floor spreading?
Formed by cooled dense plates sinking into the mantle, pulling plates together
What is a convergent boundary formed by a convection current?
The collision of this kind of crust is responsible for MT. ranges like the Himalayas
What is continental crust?
Where volcanoes and earthquakes are most likely to be found
What is a tectonic plates boundary?
The result of cooled volcanic magma
What is a volcanic MT?
Volcanoes are formed here when a dense oceanic plate dives beneath another plate sinking into the mantle
What is a subduction zone?
This is formed when 2 tectonic plates collide
What is a fold MT?
A young thin crust
What is oceanic crust?
Technology using sound waves to map the ocean floor by measuring how long it takes for a sound to hit the seafloor & return. (used to discover under sea MTs)
What is Sonar?