1
what are the differences in how atoms are held together in a solid,liquid, and gas
gas- move freely
liquid- slide past eachother
solid- vibrate in place
define sublimation (give example)
the process of a solid changing directly to a vapor without forming a liquid: ex- dry ice
what is a crystalline solid
a three dimensional collection of individual atoms
what is the kinetic theory of matter
all matter is composed of small particles which have space between them and are in random motion
do solids, liquids, and gasses have different volumes and shapes. explain each
gases- dont have fixed vol or shape
liquids- have definite volume
solids- have define volume
No, they each have different dencities
define vaporization in regards to energy
a change from liquid to gas - happens when particles in a liquid move fast enough to escape the attraction of other particles
what is the unit of measure for force
newton
pascals principle can be applied to any matter than can ________
fluid
how is water unusual comparing it to other substances (liquid to solid state)
most substances contract as their temp decreases. water expands as temp decreases
name 2 characteristics of amorphous solids
1. lack of crystalline structure
2. do not have specific melting point
what is the measure of average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance
temperature
what is charles law give an example
states that the temp and vol of a gas are related such that , if the pressure is constant, an increase in temp will produce a proportionate increase in volume (ex- hot air balloon)
define heat of fusion
amount of energy required to change a substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase
what does viscosity measure
resistance of a fluid to flowing
archemedes principle shows the relationship between ______ and _______
buoyancy and dencity
what is boyles law give an example
states that the vol and pressure of a gas are related, such that if the temp of a gas remains constant increase in volume causes a proportional decrease in the pressure (ex- pressure in a container)
what state of mater is the most common in the universe
plasma
how can wood float in water
the wood is less dense that the water
what is archemedes principle
the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
explain bernoullis principle give example
faster moving air has a low air pressure and slower moving air has a high air pressure