Chapter 4.1
What is this process by which rocks are broken down by nature?
Weathering
What are narrow shallow cuts in the soil?
rill
When a glacier melts in the valley fills with sea water it creates a what?
Fjord
What is the material carried by a stream called?
Load
What type of weathering happens when rainwater or melted ices soaks into tiny cracks in rocks and then freezes splitting the rock?
ice wedging
What is the breakdown of large rocks into fragments by physical forces; it does not change the chemical composition of the rock?
Physical Weathering
What is the raised land area that divides two drainage basins?
Drainage divide
What are the deep grooves and scratches in the bedrock produced by large hard rocks pushed along by glaciers?
Striae
What is the western drainage divide in the United States?
Great Divide
What is the icicle-like mass of calcium carbonate that forms on the floor?
Stalagmite
What type of weathering happens when the minerals in rock react chemically with air or water; it changes the composition of the original minerals?
Chemical weathering
When a meander becomes cut off it forms a crescent shaped body of water called?
An oxbow lake
What are the low hills that are created by a glacier running over its old moraine?
Drumlins
What is the level land along a river that is covered by water during the flood time?
Flood plain
What is the icicle-like mass of calcium carbonate that forms on the ceiling called?
Stalactite
What is the main agent of chemical weathering?
Water
What are the steams that feed a river at various points along its course?
Tributaries
What is the large hole left from the melting of huge chunks of glacial ice lodged in till or outwash?
Kettle
what is the eastern drainage divide in the United States?
Eastern Continental Divide
What method of erosion prevention plants crops in alternating strips?
Strip cropping
What is the process where oxygen in the air and water reacts with minerals like calcium, magnesium, and iron to form new compounds?
oxidation
What are the narrow sandy islands that lie off the coast of the mainland called?
Barrier island
What are the glaciers that cover immense areas of relatively flat land?
Continental glaciers
What is the sharp Ridge that divides 2 cirques?
Arete
What are the huge quantities of broken rock that a glacier carries when partially melted?
till