The cell cycle
What are the three parts of the cell cycle? (in order)
1. interphase
2. mitosis
3. cytokinesis
What is prophase?
Centrioles (animal cells) separate and move to opposite sides of the cell, spindle fibers form between the centrioles. The nuclear membrane starts to break down and nucleous disappears.
During which stage of a cell's cycle do the replicated chromosomes thicken and become visible?
prophase
What makes up photosynthesis (elements)?
Carbon dioxide, water (light), sugar, oxygen
What must a cell do before it divides?
it must make a copy of its DNA - which is organized in structures called chromosomes.
What happens in interphase?
At the start of interphase, the cell is doing everyday activities. Then at the end of interphase DNA is copied and forms chromosomes. Centrioles duplicate and move towards the nucleus.
What is metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and the chromosome attaches to the spindle fiber by the centromere.
During which stage of a cell's cycle do the replicated chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell?
Metaphase
What is chlorophyll?
It is the green pigment in plants.
What is binary fission
DNA is copied and cell divides into two cells
What is Mitosis?
The cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei and set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell. (new)
What is anaphase?
*Cell start to get longer
*the centromere splits & the sister chromatids seperate and move to opposite sides of the cell.
During which stage of a cell's cycle do the chromosomes replicate?
Interphase
What is cellular respiration?
a chemical process that occurs in all cells, uses oxygen, food (glucose) is turned into carbon dioxide and water and energy are released.
what is a homologous chromosome?
pairs of similar chromosomes with the same genetic information.
What are the four phases of mitosis?
1. prophase
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase
What is telophase?
*chromosomes unwind
*nuclear membrane starts to reform
*Nucleous reappears
*Cell membrane starts to pinch in towards the middle
Mitosis is complete
Give 2 processed which occur during interphase and which are necessary for mitosis to take place?
Growing of the cell and duplication of the DNA
What is cellular respiration in elements?
glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, and energy from ATP
What is cytokinesis?
*In cells without a cell wall- the cell membrane moves unwind form a grove which will pinch into two forming 2 daughter cells
*In cells with a cell wall