Particle Theory
Name the first postulate of the particle theory
(postulate= to assume is true)
All matter is made up of tiny particles.
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a substance that is made up of two or more particles.
A mixture is a type of matter that contains more than one kind of particle.
A mixture made of 2 or more pure substances together.
How are the particles moving in a gas?
Move rapidly in all directions.
When we heat a solution to separate the solute from the solvent, we're using the process of....
Distillation
True or False. An omlette is an example of an homogenous mixture
False! Homogenous mixtures is the same thing as a solution. It looks like a pure substance, but contains more than one particle. Homogenous means uniform, the mixture looks the same throughout.
Name the second postulate of the particle theory.
Particles have empty spaces between them.
What is a pure substance?
A pure substance is a type of matter that contains only one kind of particle. Examples of pure substances include distilled water, salt and uranium.
A pure substance is a substance that is made up of only one particle.
How are the particles moving in a liquid?
Random motions through the container/ object it is in.
What process is this defining "a magnet can be used to separate magnetic materials from others"
Magnetism
What is a mechanical mixture?
If you can see the different kinds of matter in the mixture (pizza, cereal)
Name the FIRST, SECOND, AND THIRD postulate of the particle theory.
1. All matter is made up of a tiny particle
2. Particles have empty spaces between them
3. Even though you cannot see them, particles are moving randomly all the time
What is a solution?
A solution is a mixture that looks as though it is a pure substance.
Solutions contain more than 1 particle.
Solutions are called homogeneous mixtures (homogenous- looks the same)
How are the particles moving in a solid?
Little movement, particles are very close together.
This method is used to separate solid particles from a liquid by passing the mixture through a material that only allows the liquid to pass through.
Filtration
True are false. Solutions can also be called homogeneous mixtures.
True
Name the 4th and 5th postulate of the particle theory
4. Particles move faster and spread further apart when they are heated
5. Particles attract each other, so they tend to stay together rather than fly apart.
What is a solvent?
Something that something can dissolve in. (e.g., water)
Everything around us is composed of tiny particles... do you know what they're called?
Atoms
This process involves heating (boiling) a liquid until it turns into vapor, leaving behind any dissolved solid.
Evaporation
True or False. In heterogenous mixtures, you can see different kinds of matter in the mixture.
True. Heterogenous is the same as a mechanical mixture. If you took a spoonful of cereal, it will look different everytime. Heterogeneous = non- uniform mixed together unevenly.
1. All matter is made up of tiny particles.
2. Particles have empty spaces between them.
3. Even though you cannot see them, particles are moving randomly all the time.
4. Particles move faster and spread farther apart when they are heated.
5. Particles attract each other, so they tend to stay together rather than fly apart.
6. All particles in a pure substance are identical (have the same particles).
What is a solute?
Something that can be dissolved (hot chocolate powder, gatorade powder, salt, sugar)
Slower.
This technique is used to separate smaller particles from larger ones, typically by shaking the mixture through a screen or mesh.
Sifting
What does a water molecule look like? (Draw on the board)