Atoms and the Periodic Table
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the
mass number
What is the process called when an acid and a base combine to produce water and salt?
a. neutralization
Which of these causes matter to resist a change in motion?
a.inertia b. friction c. gravity d. weight
a. inertia
The elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are all found in the same group (17) on the table. These elements are grouped together because they
react in similar ways
Two elements in the same group on the periodic table of the elements are most similar in their
chemical reactivity.
Which is an example of a chemical change?
response may vary
Which force keeps the planets in their orbits around the Sun?
gravity
What do the symbols represent in the model?
atoms
Carbon dioxide is an example of
a compound
Which diagram represents a chemical reaction used to identify a mineral?
1
n a car accident, a seat belt helps prevent injuries by applying a force
1. less than the force of the moving passenger 2. greater than the force of the moving car 3. in the same direction as the car’s motion 4. in the opposite direction of the passenger’s motion
in the opposite direction of the passenger’s motion
Which element is classified as a noble gas?
argon
. Which property of a substance indicates whether the substance is a liquid or a solid at room temperature?
melting point
Which of these are broken down during chemical, but not physical, changes?
. elements b. mixtures c. solutions d. compounds
. compounds
When two unequal forces act in opposite directions on a moving object, the object will
a. absorb the forces. b. come to an immediate stop. c. continue to move in the same direction. d. move in the same direction as the larger force.
move in the same direction as the larger force.
Which part of the atom has a negative charge?
electron
Water (H2O) is not found on the Periodic Table of the Elements because water is
a compound
Which change is the best example of a physical change?
a cookie baking 2. paper burning 3. ice cream melting 4. a nail rusting
. ice cream
The force of gravitational attraction between two objects depends on the distance between the objects and their
1. buoyancies 2. temperatures 3. masses 4. shapes
. masses
A student dissolves sodium chloride, NaCl, in distilled water. Which word best describes the water in this situation?
solvent