Human Impact/Ecology
Communities have attempted to control the size of mosquito populations to prevent the spread of certain diseases such as malaria and encephalitis. Which control method is most likely to cause the least ecological damage?
A. draining the swamps where mosquitoes breed B. spraying swamps with chemical pesticides to kill mosquitoes C. spraying oil over swamps to suffocate mosquito larvae D. increasing populations of native fish that feed on mosquito larvae in the swamps
D. increasing populations of native fish that feed on mosquito larvae in the swamps
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
(1) ribosome–protein synthesis (2) vacuole–cell division
(3) mitochondrion–movement (4) nucleus–storage of nutrients
(1) ribosome–protein synthesis
During periods of vigorous physical activity, a person’s breathing and heart rates increase. This enables the cells of the body to perform more efficiently because it helps the cells to
(1) remove waste products faster (2)store excess glucose in muscles (3) reduce the amount of ATP produced (4) convert more oxygen to glucose
(1) remove waste products faster
Which structures are listed in order from the least complex to the most complex?
plant cell, leaf, chloroplast, rose bush
chloroplast, plant cell, leaf, rose bush
chloroplast, leaf, plant cell, rose bush
rose bush, leaf, plant cell, chloroplast
2. chloroplast, plant cell, leaf, rose bush
One advantage of biodiversity in an ecosystem is that it A. guarantees that the largest organisms will dominate the area B. ensures a large amount of identical genetic material C. develops relationships between organisms that are always positive over long periods of time D. increases the chance that some organisms will survive a major change in the environment
D. increases the chance that some organisms will survive a major change in the environment
Which sequence correctly represents the arrangement of structures containing genetic material, from the largest to the smallest size?
(1) chromosome →gene →nucleus
(2) nucleus →chromosome → gene
(3) gene →chromosome → nucleus
(4) gene → nucleus→chromosome
(2) nucleus →chromosome → gene
Which technique could be used to determine the relative number of bases in fragments taken from a sample of DNA?
(1) Electrophoresis (2) Cloning (3) Paper Chromatography (4) Light microscopy
(1) Electrophoresis
Which observation could lead to the conclusion that an object is non-living?
it passes on hereditary information only through asexual reproduction
it carries out synthesis
it cannot perform metabolic processes
it is composed of a cell, but does not have tissues
3. it cannot perform metabolic processes
In 1960, an invasive species of fish was introduced into the stable ecosystem of a river. Since then, the population of a native fish species has declined. This situation is an example of an A. ecosystem that has recovered B. ecosystem altered through the activities of an organism C. environmental impact caused by physical factors D. ecological niche without competition
B. ecosystem altered through the activities of an organism
Certain chemicals, such as cytochrome C, are found within cells of all living organisms. The biochemical structure of cytochrome C in ground finches and in tree finches is very similar. This suggests that tree finches and ground finches have
(1) identical DNA (2) a common ancestor (3) evolved at the same time (4) the same nesting site
(2) a common ancestor
On various Galapagos islands, finch species have different diets: seeds, insects, flowers, the blood of seabirds, and leaves. This is evidence that each species has a different
(1) mating behavior (2) nesting material (3) niche (4) predator
(3) niche
One characteristic of all living things is that they
develop organ systems
produce identical offspring
maintain internal stability
synthesize only inorganic matter
3. maintain internal stability
Which negative human environmental influence is matched to the positive influence that has helped to correct it? A. overhunting – pollution controls B. disposal problems – species preservation C. importation of organisms – energy conservation D. pesticide use – biological control of insects
D. pesticide use – biological control of insects
Which statement best explains the fact that some identical twins appear different from one another?
(1)Their DNA is essentially the same and the environment plays little or no role in the expression of their genes. (2) Their DNA is very different and the environment plays a significant role in the expression of their genes. (3) Their DNA is very different and the environment plays little or no role in the expression of their genes. (4) Their DNA is essentially the same and the environment plays a significant role in the expression of their genes.
(4) Their DNA is essentially the same and the environment plays a significant role in the expression of their genes.
High biodiversity is
(1) having many individuals of the same organism (2) having few individuals of the same organism (3) having a many varieties of different organisms (4) having one of each type of organism
(3) having a many varieties of different organisms
. Which activity occurs in the process of photosynthesis? A. Chemical energy from organic molecules is converted into light energy. B. Organic molecules are obtained from the environment. C. Organic molecules are converted into inorganic food molecules. D. Light energy is converted into the chemical energy of organic molecules.
D. Light energy is converted into the chemical energy of organic molecules.
Which human activity is correctly paired with its likely future consequence? A. overfishing in the Atlantic — increase in supply of flounder and salmon as food for people B. development of electric cars or hybrid vehicles — increased rate of global warming C. use of fossil fuels — depletion of underground coal, oil, and natural gas supplies D. genetically engineering animals — less food available to feed the world’s population
C. use of fossil fuels — depletion of underground coal, oil, and natural gas supplies
A human skin cell contains 46 chromosomes. A frog sperm cell contains 12 chromosomes. Which pair of numbers shows the chromosome number of a normal gamete from each of these species?
(1) human 46; frog 12 (2) human 46; frog 24
(3) human 23; frog 24 (4) human 23; frog 12
(4) human 23; frog 12
When a piece of liver is dropped into hydrogen peroxide, the peroxide bubbles vigorously as a result of what reaction?
(1) peroxide being broken into water and oxygen
(2) peroxide is destroying germs in the liver
(3) more peroxide is being created by the liver
(4) liver and peroxide are joining together to make a new protein
(1) peroxide being broken into water and oxygen
The equation below represents a summary of a biological process. carbon dioxide + water → glucose + ATP + oxygen This process is completed in A. mitochondria B. ribosomes C. cell membranes D. chloroplasts
D. chloroplasts