Chapter 22: Minerals and Rocks
What is a solid inorganic substance that is naturally formed in nature?
Mineral
What is the crust and the rigid layer of the mantle connected to the crust called?
Lithosphere
What is the thin layer of gas surrounding Earth that allows life to exist?
Atmosphere
What is the condition in the atmosphere at a given place and time?
Weather
_______ is the average weather conditions of an area over a long period of time.
Climate
Molten rock is called _____, and forms _______ when it cools.
Magma, Igneous
All the continents were originally connected as a huge landmass called _______.
Pangaea
What protects humans and animals from harmful UV rays from the sun?
The Ozone Layer
________ is the amount of moisture, or water vapor, in the air.
Humidity
What measures the distance of a location north or south from the equator?
Latitude
The most rare and beautiful kind of mineral is a ___, while an ___ is a mineral that contains useful substance.
Gem, Ore
What are the two types of tectonic plates?
Oceanic and Continental
It gets harder to breathe in high altitudes because ___ ________ decreases with altitude, leaving less oxygen.
Air Pressure
_________ is incredibly hot, expanding the air faster than the speed of sound, producing a sonic boom called _______.
Lightning, Thunder
What are the five different types of climate?
Tropical, Dry, Polar, Mild, Continental
What are living or once-living things called?
Organic Matter
The energy in earthquakes is released in the form of vibrations called _______ _____.
Seismic Waves
The water cycle consists of ___________, _____________, ____________, _____________, and runoff.
Evaporation, Transpiration, Condensation, Precipitation
What are the most powerful type of storms?
Hurricanes
The __________ ______ is the warming of the atmosphere by gases that trap heat.
Greenhouse Effect
__________ is exposing rock to air, water, and ice to break it down chemically and mechanically.
Weathering
An earthquake that happens under water can create seismic sea waves called ________.
Tsunamis
Water flowing below the surface is called ___________.
Groundwater
What does RADAR stand for?
RAdio Detection And Ranging
Forest fires, volcanic eruptions, and the respiration of organisms have all added to the amount of ______ in the atmosphere.
Carbon