Question
This is the question Johnny asked:
"John really likes the herb basil. He likes it so much he eats it faster than it grows in the 8 pots he has on his window sill. John decided he needed to find a way to make the basil grow faster because he is limited on space. He decided to design an experiment."
What is "How can I grow basil faster in the limited space?"
This is the "If..., then... hypothesis for this scenario:
"Suzie Q wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. She believes that plants can survive best in white light. She buys 5, same size & height, ferns of the same species. She places each one in white, blue, green, & red lights and one in the closet. All ferns are planted in Miracle-Grow and given 20 mL of water once a day for 2 weeks."
What is, If fern plants are grown in 5 different colors of light, then white light would best support the plant growth."
OR
If 5 different colors of light are used to grow plants, then they will grow best in white light."
This is what an independent variable is.
What is, "the variable that is being tested."
This is what a dependent variable is.
What is, "the variable that changes as a result of the experimental variable."
This is what a control variable mean.
What is "the variable that the experimental group is compared with."
This is another name for the independent variable.
What is, "manipulated variable"
This is the initial question Jenn wanted answered:
"Jenn was very interested in nutrition and fitness, especially in children. She wanted to determine the effect of diet on the growth of children however, she was not able to get anyone to give her permission to complete experimentation on their kids. She had to resort to using rats. She designed an experiment that measured the effect of a sugar water diet compared to a diet of whole milk."
What is, "How diet affects growth in children?"
This could be the hypothesis in this scenario:
"Jenn wanted to determine the effect of diet on the growth of children. She designed an experiment that measured the effect of a sugar water diet compared to a diet of whole milk. She used rats' mass to measure the effect of the diet. She measured their mass weekly. She used 2 groups of 3 rats each: She fed sugar and water to Group A and milk to Group B."
What is, "If one group of rats is fed sugar water and the other milk, then the one fed milk would gain more mass or be healthier." OR
"If one group of rats is fed sugar water and the other milk, then the one with sugar water would gain more mass or be healthier."
This is the independent variable:
"If babies were exposed to fuzzy bunnies and at the same time a loud cymbal was struck close behind them, then the babies would be afraid of all fuzzy things for the rest of their lives."
What is, "exposure to loud noise & fuzzy bunnies simultaneously."
This is the dependent variable in this hypothesis:
"If people listened to jazz music as they fall asleep, then they would sleep for longer periods of time."
What is, "Playing Jazz as at bedtime."
This is the control for this scenario:
" A student investigated the effect of radiation on the germination of bean seeds. He thought that exposure to radiation would limit the seeds ability to germinate (grow) much like ultra-violet light causing skin cancer. Three hundred seeds were soaked in distilled water for one hour. They were then divided into three groups. One group was placed in a microwave oven on high for three seconds. Another group was microwaved on high for six seconds. The last group was not microwaved. The seeds were then planted in three separate flats and given the same amount of water.
What is, "seeds that were not microwaved?
This is the first step of designing an experiment.
What is, "isolating or identifying the independent variable(s)"
This is the question the daycare staff wants answered:
"At a daycare, the staff has had problems with the children behaving badly every day. They begin to test to see how the children react if the staff gives them large amounts of candy when they are good and no candy when they are bad. The staff hopes that the incentive for the children will improve their behavior."
What is, "How would candy incentive improve children's behavior?"
This could be the hypothesis for this scenario:
"You have been hired as a consultant by your city council to study the effects of a new initiative to promote plastics recycling in your community. Your task is to design a two-group study in which you investigate whether the program is effective."
What is, "If new recycling initiative is implemented, then it would increase participation in the program."
OR
"If new recycling initiative is implemented, then it would not affect the overall participation in the recycling program."
These are the independent variables in this hypothesis:
"If fern plants are grown in 5 different colors of light, then white light would best support the plant growth."
What is, "5 different colors of light"
This is the dependent variable in this scenario:
"You have been hired as a consultant by your city council to study the effects of a new initiative to promote plastics recycling in your community. Your task is to design a two-group study in which you investigate whether the program is effective.
What is, "community's response to the new recycling initiative."
This is the control in this scenario:
"Krusty was told that a certain itching powder was the newest best thing on the market, it even claims to cause 50% longer lasting itches. To test the claims, he buys the itching powder and compares it to his usual product. One test subject (A) is sprinkled with the original itching powder, and another test subject (B) was sprinkled with the Experimental itching powder."
What is, "Krusty's original itching powder."
This is another name for dependent variable.
What is. "responding variable."
This is the question for this scenario:
"You have been hired as a consultant by your city council to study the effects of a new initiative to promote plastics recycling in your community. Your task is to design a two-group study in which you investigate whether the program is effective."
What is, "How effective is the new recycling initiative? OR
"How effective is the new recycling program?"
This is the hypothesis in this scenario:
"A study was created to test the effects of jazz on people’s sleep patterns. The assumption was that listening to Jazz while falling asleep would increase the length of time one sleeps. The experiment was done on 2 groups of people. One group slept in quiet room and the other with Jazz playing. Each group was timed to record the duration of their sleep."
What is, "If Jazz music is played while falling asleep, then people could sleep for longer period of time than without it."
This is the independent variable of this scenario:
"Krusty was told that a certain itching powder was the newest best thing on the market, it even claims to cause 50% longer lasting itches. To test the claims, he buys the itching powder and compares it to his usual product. One test subject (A) is sprinkled with the original itching powder, and another test subject (B) was sprinkled with the Experimental itching powder."
What is, " the new brand of itching powder"
This is the dependent variable in this scenario:
"Bart believes that mice exposed to microwaves will become extra strong. He experiment by placing 10 mice in a microwave for 10 seconds. He compared these 10 mice to another 10 mice that had not been exposed. He tests the mice strength using a heavy block of wood that blocked the mouse food."
What is, "the change in the strength of the mice."
This is the control for this scenario:
"At a daycare, the staff has had problems with the children behaving badly every day. They begin to test to see how the children react if the staff gives them large amounts of candy when they are good and no candy when they are bad. The staff hopes that the incentive for the children will improve their behavior."
What is, "group of children who did not receive candies as incentive."
This is where the independent variable is plotted on the graph.
What is "x-axis"?
This is the question for this scenario:
"Suzie Q. wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. She believes that plants can survive best in white light."
What is, "How would different colors of light affect plant growth?"
OR
"Would plant growth be affected by different colored lights?"
This would be the "If..., then... hypothesis:
"A student investigated the effect of radiation on the germination of bean seeds. He thought that exposure to radiation would limit the seeds ability to germinate (grow) much like ultra-violet light causing skin cancer."
What is, "If bean seeds are exposed to microwaves, then their growth will be retarded."
This is the independent variable in this scenario:
"You are a new middle school PE teacher. You believe that you have developed a new method for teaching children how to increase their ability to make free throws in basketball. You decide to develop a two-group study to examine the effectiveness of your new method."
What is, "new method to increase free throws in basketball."
This is the dependent variable in this hypothesis:
"If babies were exposed to fuzzy bunnies and at the same time a loud cymbal was struck close behind them, then the babies would be afraid of all fuzzy things for the rest of their lives."
What is, "Exposure to fuzzy bunnies accompanied by loud."
This is the control in this scenario:
"Bart believes that mice exposed to microwaves will become extra strong. He experiment by placing 10 mice in a microwave for 10 seconds. He compared these 10 mice to another 10 mice that had not been exposed. He tests the mice strength using a heavy block of wood that blocked the mouse food."
What is, "mice that were not exposed to microwaves."
This is what is required of an hypothesis.
What is, "it must be testable"