Scientific Revolution 1
An intellectual movement that stressed reason, thought, and the power of an individual to solve problems through scientific experiments and observation was known as ...?
The Scientific Revolution
What is the old belief that the Earth was the center of the universe called?
Geocentric theory.
A time when new ideas about government and the rights of people were expressed was known as what?
The Enlightenment.
Put together the Encyclopedia, which spread Enlightenment ideas.
Diderot.
Who said an absolute monarchy was the best form of government?
Thomas Hobbes.
What traditional authority was challenged during the Scientific Revolution's proof of new ideas about the world?
The Catholic Church
Who came up with the laws of motion and explained gravity?
Isaac Newton
Who said people shouldn't be tortured and people deserve rights when they're accused of crimes.
Beccaria.
Who fought for women's rights and saw education as key?
Wollstonecraft.
This justified a king's right to rule based on God.
Divine Right.
Who used the telescope to observe the universe and was arrested for heresy (questioning the Church)?
Who founded modern Philosophy and is known for the phrase "I think, therefore I am"
Descartes
Who focused on individual freedom, direct democracy, and social contract?
Rousseau
Who believed people were bad and selfish and needed to be controlled by a strong government?
Thomas Hobbes
What is the idea that people give up rights to be a part of society and get benefits from government?
Who proved planets moved in elliptical, not circular orbits, which backed up the heliocentric view of the universe?
Kepler
What is the heliocentric theory and who first proposed it?
The sun is the center of our universe.
Nicholas Copernicus.
What two freedoms did Voltaire emphasize?
Freedom of speech.
Freedom of religion.
How do we see Montesquieu's ideas here in the U.S.?
What was the name of John Locke's book?
Two Treatises on Government
How did the Scientific Revolution change people's views of the world? Provide 2 examples.
Answers will vary.
May include: Geocentric (Earth-centered) view wrong. Catholic Church & religious teachings not always right. Individuals should question authority and perform experiments. There are scientific explanations for past superstitions.
Who developed the scientific method and what are the major steps to the Scientific Method?
Francis Bacon.
Steps:
Identify problem, form hypothesis, perform experiments, record results, & form a conclusion.
What were the 2 main ideas of John Locke?
1. People are born with natural rights (life, liberty, property).
2. People should overthrow their government if it is not protecting their natural rights (which is the main job of the government).
Explain 2 ways the Enlightenment ideas changed how people viewed the world.
Answers will vary.
Kings don't rule by divine right.
The government should serve the People.
People have rights.
The Catholic Church shouldn't control everything - more religious freedom
What is a revolution that was inspired by Enlightenment ideas?
Answers will vary.
the American Revolution, the French Revolution, Haitian Revolution, Latin American Revolutions