Earth and Life Science
Which geological principle states that in an undisturbed sequence of rock layers, the oldest layer is at the bottom?
Law of Superposition
What subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
What is the rate at which an object changes its velocity per unit time?
Acceleration
What is a giant sea wave caused by an underwater earthquake?
Tsunami
What technology allows systems such as ChatGPT and Gemini to understand and generate text, images, audio, and video?
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Which rock type is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?
Igneous Rock
What is a Covalent Bond?
A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between non-metals.
What is Kinetic Energy?
Energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
What is a situation that has the potential to cause harm, damage, or injury?
Hazard
What disease was officially declared eradicated in 1980?
Smallpox
What principle of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information?
DNA → RNA → Protein
What is the pH scale?
This scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is.
What is Conduction?
The transfer of heat through the direct contact of particles.
TRUE OR FALSE: A disaster is only caused by natural events.
False (can be man-made)
What was the first “antibiotic” medicine discovered?
Penicillin
In the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis, what gas is "fixed" to produce sugar?
Carbon Dioxide or CO2
What is the molar mass of Water (H2O)? (H=1, O=16)
18 g/mol
To make an uncharged object have a negative charge, you must:
Add electrons to it
What model shows that heat, fuel, and oxygen are required to start a fire?
Fire Triangle
In early 2024, the FDA approved the first-ever treatment using CRISPR gene-editing technology to cure which blood disorder?
Sickle Cell Disease
What are the four subsystems of the Earth?
Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere
What is the Equation of Ideal Gas Law?
PV=nRT
What is the temperature, equivalent to 4ᵒC, at which water reaches its maximum density?
277.15 K
What is the phenomenon in which soil loses strength and behaves like a liquid during an earthquake?
Liquefaction
Why was NASA’s planned 2026 crewed Moon mission delayed?
Technical delays/shielding concerns. Spacecraft safety