Dates/# of votes
The year of Roe v. Wade (year of decision)
What is 1973?
What is... Under the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment, a state law requiring that children attend school past eighth grade is in violation of the Constitution
The constitutional question of Brown v. Board of Education
What is "Did the segregation of schools based on race violate the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment?"
The background of Tinker v. Des Moines
In 1965, students wore black armbands to school to protest the Vietnam war
The school district created a policy banning armbands
Students refused to remove them and were suspended
The premise of "separate but equal" was determined to be... (Brown v. Board)
What is inherently unequal?
The year of U.S. v. Lopez (year of decision)
What is 1995?
The holding of Roe v. Wade
What is... A woman may decide to have an abortion until the fetus becomes viable, based on the right to privacy in the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment.
The constitutional question of Engel v. Vitale
What is "Did state-sponsored prayer in public schools violate the Establishment clause of the 1st Amendment?"
The Act that was overturned by U.S. v. Lopez
What is the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990?
The guarantee of counsel is outlined in this amendment (Gideon v. Wainwright)
What is the 6th Amendment?
The number of votes in the decision of New York Times v. U.S.
What is 6-3?
The holding of McDonald v. Chicago
What is... The Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment extends the Second Amendment’s right to keep and bear arms to the states, at least for traditional, lawful purposes such as self-defense.
What is "Did the Supreme Court have juridiction over questions of legislative apportionment?"
The case that was overturned by Brown v. Board of Education
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
As seen in Schenck v. U.S., these key rights are not protected in the case of "clear and present danger"
What are the 1st Amendment rights?
The year of Gideon v. Wainwright (year of decision)
What is 1963?
The holding of Gideon v. Wainwright
What is... The Supreme Court ruled that the 14th Amendment creates a right for criminal defendants who cannot pay for their own lawyers to have the state provide attorneys on their behalf.
The two constitutional questions of McCulloch v. Maryland
What is "Did Congress have the authority to establish a bank?" and "Did Maryland's law unconstitutionally interfere with the powers of the federal government?"
The background of McCulloch v. Maryland
Congress created the Second Bank of the US
Maryland placed a tax on it
James McCulloch, a cashier of the bank, refused to pay the tax
Why the Commerce Clause was used in the argument against Lopez bringing a firearm onto campus
What is: a student's possession of a firearm could cause the area to be viewed in a negative light, so less tourism would occur, which would impact interstate commerce
The number of votes for the decision of Schenck v. U.S.
What is a unanimous ruling?
The holding of Citizens United v. FEC
What is... Limiting independent expenditures on political campaigns by groups such as corporations, labor unions, or other collective entities violates the First Amendment because limitations mean a prior restraint on free speech.
The three constitutional questions of Marbury v. Madison
What is "Did Marbury have a right to his comission?", "Can Congress expand the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction?", and "Can the Court invalidate laws that have been passed by Congress if they are deemed unconstitutional?"
The background of Shaw v. Reno
North Carolina created a majority-minority congressional district with an irregular shape
They did this to comply with the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which was enacted to combat racial discrimination in voting and ensure minorities can elect their own representatives
The relationship between the 14th and 2nd Amendment in McDonald v. Chicago
What is: the 14th Amendment makes the rights within the 2nd Amendment applicable to state and local governments as opposed to just the federal government