Berlin Conference
What was the point of the Berlin Conference
To Split up Africa between European Nations
What are three countries the colonized Africa?
Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden-Norway (unified from 1814-1905), The Ottoman Empire, and the USA
How many people were murdered by the Abir Rubber company in the Congo under King Leopolds rule?
10 million
How many nations were represented at the Berlin Conference?
14 total, 13 European nations + the USA
Name one of the two African countries that remained free from European rule
Only two independent African countries by the time of the First World War (1914)
Abyssinia (Ethiopia) - Ruled by a dynasty stretching back to at least the 13th century
Liberia - Formed by freed slaves under guidance of the United States government
How did Cecil Rhodes make his fortune in Africa
He exploited local Africans to dig diamond mines
Who was missing from the Berlin Conference?
The African People! There were no Africans at the Berlin Conference
What is one country Britain ruled in Africa?
Britain had many colonies in Africa
In British West Africa there was Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, Southern Cameroon, and Sierra Leone
In British East Africa there was Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania (formerly Tanganyika and Zanzibar)
In British South Africa there was South Africa, Northern Rhodesia (Zambia), Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Nyasaland (Malawi), Lesotho, Botswana, and Swaziland.
Who named Lake Victoria after the British Queen?
David Livingston
What were two positive effects of Colonization?
Infrastructure
Schools and hospitals were built
Roads and railroads
New governments with strategies to build economies
Berlin Conference set end of slave trade
New technology, improved standard of living
Somaliland, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco Gambia, Chad, Mali, Togo, Sudan, Gabon, Tunisia, Niger, Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Madagascar
What is one thing Karl Peters did?
Organized and pushed for Germany’s colonial expansion
Founded the Society for German Colonization
Acquired German East Africa (modern-day Tanzania)
Convinced Otto von Bismarck to take over German East Africa and increase Germany’s colonies in Africa
What were two negative effects of Colonization?
Tribes lost control of their own countries
Land confiscated for farming
Widespread wars, famine, revolts, and disease
New borders split families and tribes
Conflict emerged between once friendly tribes
What are three countries ruled by Germany in Africa?
Togoland (now Togo and Ghana)
Cameroons (now Cameroon and Nigeria)
Southwest Africa (now Namibia)
East Africa (now Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanzania)
Who found Dr. Livingston living in Africa?
Henry Stanley