The Missing Cup
How many cups of Passover are there?
4
What is the meaning of the place name Gethsemane?
"Olive Press"
Who first questioned Jesus after his arrest and to whom was Jesus later sent for trial under Roman authority?
Annas first questioned Jesus; Pilate (the Roman governor) later tried him.
Who were the first visitors to the tomb who found it empty?
Women who had followed Jesus (e.g., Mary Magdalene and others)
Name TWO of the Old Testament figures whose covenants Jesus fulfills.
(Any two) Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David.
At the Last Supper Jesus gave a cup to his disciples and called it "my blood of the covenant." Which of the four Passover cups was this (first, second, third, or fourth)?
Which three apostles did Jesus take with him deeper into the garden to pray?
Peter, James, and John
What act by Peter occurred during Jesus' arrest and how did Jesus respond?
Peter cut off the ear of the high priest’s slave; Jesus told him to put away the sword and healed the slave.
Name the two disciples on the road to Emmaus and describe how they recognized Jesus.
Cleopas and another disciple (unnamed); they recognized Jesus when he broke the bread, identifying this as recognition in the Eucharist.
Name one way Jesus fulfills the Adamic covenant.
(Any) Jesus was the only-begotten son of God, Jesus was tempted by the devil but resisted, Jesus was perfectly obedient even to death, Jesus saved all humanity from sin and death, Jesus restores our place in paradise
From which Old Testament book is the phrase "blood of the covenant" quoted, indicating covenant ratification the apostles would recognize?
Exodus 24:8
Jesus asked the Father to "take away this cup" while praying. What does the word "cup" symbolize in this context?
The "cup" symbolizes suffering, suffering to be endured, and the fate Jesus must accept (his passion/death)
What phrase did Pilate write and affix to the cross; give either the English wording or the Latin initials used in Christian art.
"Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" (INRI)
What specific physical sign did Jesus invite Thomas to check, and what did Thomas conclude afterward?
Jesus invited Thomas to put his finger into the nail marks in Jesus' hands and his hand into Jesus' side; Thomas said, "My Lord and my God!" — (Thomas) concluded Jesus had truly risen and is Lord and God.
Name one way Jesus fulfills the covenant with Moses.
(Any) Born in the reign of the ruthless King Herod, escaped when Herod ordered the male children of Bethlehem to be killed, exiled in Egypt before his ministry, passed through the water of the Jordan in Baptism, tested in the wilderness for 40 days, 1st sign: changed water into wine, later wine into blood, taught the New Law from a mountain, fasted for 40 days and nights in the wilderness, gave all people true heavenly food & spiritual drink, led all people out of bondage of sin and death
Name two elements of the Passover meal sequence that occur before the third cup (the “cup of blessing”)
(Any two) Reading of Exodus 12, singing Psalm 113 (the "Little Hallel"), eating the main meal of lamb and unleavened bread.
How many times did Jesus find his disciples sleeping while He prayed, and what did He say when He returned the last time?
Three times; he said, "The hour has come; the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners" (or similar phrasing referencing betrayal)
What crime was Jesus charged with that led to his crucifixion?
Blasphemy
Who asked for Jesus' body?
Joseph of Arimathea
Name one way Jesus fulfills the "type" of the Passover Lamb.
(Any) Jesus was without sin, Jesus was handed over to be crucified at about the 6th hour on the day of preparation, Jesus' bones were not broken although soldiers broke the bones of other crucified criminals, the sponge of vinegar was given to Jesus on hyssop, Jesus our high priest wore a seamless linen tunic before his crucifixion
Explain the theological significance of Jesus using the third cup language to introduce the "new covenant"
By calling the third cup his "blood of the covenant," Jesus reinterprets Passover covenant language: he presents his death as the ratification of a new covenant between God and people, enacted by his sacrificial blood.
Connect Jesus’ prayer in Gethsemane to his earlier statement at the Last Supper about the fourth cup: why are these linked in the narrative?
The Last Supper's unfinished fourth cup anticipates Jesus’ suffering; in Gethsemane Jesus prays about the "cup" of suffering but accepts the Father's will, linking the Passover ritual to his impending death.
Describe one suffering detail mentioned in the notes that emphasize the physical agony of crucifixion.
Nails pierced the median nerve in the wrist (not the hand), causing extreme pain; he was scourged and had a crown of thorns pressed into his head.
After Jesus died, what dramatic event in the temple signaled the end of separation between people and God's dwelling place?
The temple curtain was torn in two from top to bottom.
Name one way Jesus fulfills the Covenant with David.
(Any) Descended from David, baptized by John (a Levite), Lord of all the nations, paid homage by the Magi, rebuilds the temple of his body, receives a true everlasting kingdom