Brain Anatomy
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage is most commonly caused by
What is... Aneurysm Rupture
The ________ is the relay station between the cerebral cortex and the brainstem
What is.. the Thalamus
Cranial nerve I (1) and its function
What is...Olfactory and smell
What is...Pneumonia secondary to aspiration
What is the only blood test you must have results of in order to safely administer IV tPA? (Besides INR which is required for patients on coumadin)
The most common cardioembolic source for stroke is...
What is "Atrial Fibrillation"
Someone who cannot understand what is said to them has had an infarct of the ______ lobe
What is... the Temporal lobe
Cranial Nerve III (3) and its function
What is... Oculomotor and muscle responsible for 4/6 eye muscles, may be responsible for ptosis, strabismus and pupil response
Your patient was brought to the ED by her husband who states that when they went to bed at 10pm, his wife seemed fine. He went to the bathroom at 2am and she was sleeping peacefully, but when he woke up at 6am, he found her sitting on the side of the bed mumbling something about her arm not working right. What is her last known well time?
LKW is 10pm. (LKW is the time the patient was last awake and normal, so even though the husband was awake at 2am, she was asleep- so there is no way of knowing if the stroke had occurred yet or not)
6am would be the time of symptom discovery.
The consulting neurologist recommends vascular imaging in order to determine if there is an LVO (large vessel occlusion). What test would you expect to see ordered?
What is...CT Angiogram (CTA)
A patient presents with central retinal artery occlusion. As you evaluate the neuroimaging, you recognize that the most likely etiology is artery-to-artery thrombosis from which artery?
What is...
carotid artery
Patients with adequate blood supply around the borders of their infarct zone have good...
What is... Collateral Circulation
Cranial Nerve VII (7)
What is... facial and sensory: taste, outer ear sensation and motor: facial expressions, supplies salivary and tear glands
EMS should not bypass the closest non-stroke certified hospital if such diversion would add more than ____ minutes to the transport time
15 to 20 minutes
What is... swallowing function and any evidence of aspiration
The postcentral gyrus is located in the...
What is...the Parietal Lobe
What is... the PFO "Patent Foreman Ovale"
Cranial Nerve X (10) and its function and location in the brain that has most effect
area of brain: Medulla
There are 7 D's in stroke chain of survival: _________ dispatch, delivery, door, data, decision and drug. Name the first one.
What is... Detection
A patient is brought to the emergency department (ED) by EMS with an original complaint of worst headache of the patient's life, and is sleepy on arrival. You look to your colleague and say "I'll bet you it's a..."
What is... Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Which symptom is characteristic in a patient with damage to the Broca's area?
What is... Expressive aphasia
What is... Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Cranial Nerve XII (12) and its function and location in the brain that has most effect
area of brain: Medulla Oblongata
Your ED pt presented with onset 2 hrs ago of right arm weakness and numbness, which continues. The patient's lab work is normal and head CT is negative for any acute change. What is most likely the diagnosis?
Acute Ischemic Stroke. AIS can take several hrs to show up on a CT scan, so it would most likely be a stroke, not a TIA with persistent symptoms
Which diagnostic tool has been proven to not only diagnose and monitor vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) but also too predict and enhance IV tPA outcomes?