Theory
Father of Policing
August Vollmer
What is the burden of proof in a criminal trial?
Guilt beyond a reasonable doubt
Act of taking someone into custody is...
arrest
Inmates serve their sentence in the community under strict supervision called.....
probation
What is the Landmark case for due process with juveniles?
In Re Gault
Father of Hedonistic Calculus
Jeremy Bentham
Which amendment says that states may not deny life, liberty, or property without due process?
5th
Facts and circumstances that would lead someone to believe a specific person committed a specific crime is....
probable cause
Which crimes are more women in prison for?
nonviolent, drug crimes & property crimes
Which state is credited with establishing the first juvenile court?
Illinois
This model suggests that retribution justifies punishment because people ought to be punished for past deeds.
Just Deserts model
Where does a defendant appear before a judge and the decision is made whether the evidence presented in the case are sufficient?
Preliminary Hearing
First to use the English system using tithing?
Bow Street Runners
Which houses the most dangerous criminals?
Supermax
What is the formal charge in a juvenile case?
petition
A writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into courts, especially to secure the person's release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention.
Habeas Corpus
Which SC case deals with officers pursuing a fleeing felon?
TN v. Garner
________ means that the officer must possess sufficiently trustworthy facts to believe that a crime has been committed. In some cases, an officer may only need ___________ of criminal activity to conduct a limited search.
probable cause, reasonable suspicion
Which is the first U.S. Penitentiary?
Walnut Street Jail
What is the trial stage of juvenile court?
Adjudication
This model emphasizes the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders.
Crime control model
Which SC case states that attorneys could not use challenges in court based on race?
Batson v. KY
What is evidence that is illegally seized and not admissible in court?
excluded evidence (exclusionary rule)
Which is the early prison system that observed men working in complete silence?
Auburn
What is the sentencing stage of juvenile court?
Disposition