section 1
The personal rights and protections guaranteed by the constitution, particularly the Bill of Rights
Civil Rights
The use or threat of violence to achieve political objectives.
Terrorism
The scientific study of mental processes and behavior
Psychology
The science of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, and origin
Biology
The study of how certain traits or qualities are transmitted from parents to their offspring
Genetics
The interlocking network of law enforcement agencies, courts, and corrections institutions designed to enforce criminal laws.
Criminal Justice system
The quality of fairness that must exist in the processes designed to determine whether citizens are guilty of criminal wrongdoing.
Justice
A form of government in which a written constitution provides for a division of powers between a central government and several regional governments.
Federalism
A set of interacting parts that, when functioning properly, achieve a desired result
System
The ability of individuals in the criminal justice system to make operational decisions based on personal judgement instead of formal rules.
Discretion
Murder
Forced or coerced sexual intercourse (or other sexual acts)
Sexual assault
A threat or attempt to do violence to another person that causes that person to fear immediate physical harm.
Assault
The act of physically contacting another person with the intent to do harm, even if the resulting injury is insubstantial.
Battery
Principles of right and wrong behavior, as practiced by individuals or society.
Morals
Conduct in violation of the criminal laws without justification or excuse an act that violates criminal law and is punishable by criminal sanctions.
crime
Behavior that is considered to go against the norms established by society.
Deviance
Behavior that has been labeled criminal because it is contrary to shared social values, customs, and norms.
public order crime
White-collar crime
Illegal acts carried out by illegal organizations engaged in the market for illegal goods or services
organized crime
A criminal justice model in which the majority of citizens in a society share the same values and beliefs
Consensus Model
A criminal justice model in which the content of criminal law is determined by the groups that hold economic, political, and social power in a community.
Conflict Model
A model that explains how different cases receive different treatment in the criminal justice system.
Wedding cake model
A criminal justice model that places primary emphasis on the right of society to be protected from crime and violent criminals.
crime control model/ perspective
A criminal justice model that places primary emphasis on the right of the individual to be protected from the power of the government.
Due process model/ perspective