Fourth Amendment Vocabulary
Criminal Procedure
Search and Seizure
Probable Cause/Reasonable suspicion
case law
100
body of law dealing with the private rights of individuals, as distinguished from criminal law
What is Civil Law
100

The person in the CJ system with the obligation to be an advocate for the client's stated best interest

What is defense attorney?

100
Differs from arrests in that they occur in public places and are shorter in duration
What is Stop
100

If you believe the evidence the fact is proven and no inference is required.

What is direct evidence

100
According to the Supreme Court's decision in New Jersey v. T.L.O., involving the search of a student's purse, school officials (at least those officials supervising students junior high age or younger) may search the possessions of a student under their authority if they have:
What is reasonable suspicion
200
a legal concept that establishes procedures to insure an individual's rights and liberties in all legal proceedings
What is Due process
200

The person who is required to bring evidence to court

Who is the officer?

200
An official takes a person into custody and holds him from anywhere between a few hours to a few days to answer for a criminal charge
What is an Arrest
200
officers may on these four things to create probable cause
What is what they see, hear, smell, and taste.
200

The 4th amendment applies to state and local government searches.

What is Mapp?

300
Sufficient reason, based on existing facts that a crime has been committed or that property is evidence of a crime. Probable cause is a required element for a legal search and seizure
What is Probable cause
300

The attorney with the ethical obligation to seek justice.

Who is the Prosecutor? (DA)

300
Of the following it is NOT necessary to obtain an arrest warrant - a neutral magistrate, an affidavit, name of person, criminal history.
What is criminal history
300

Evidence that requires inference. 

What is circumstantial evidence?

300

The expectation of privacy is not mention but is created in the penumbra of the other protected rights according to this case.

What is Griswold v Conn?

400
a legal document authorizing a law enforcement official to take some action
What is Warrant
400

The person responsible for ensuring the trial is orderly.

Who is the judge.

400

The reasonable person standard.

What is Objective?

400

The 5 different standards of proof from lowest highest used in criminal proceedings. 

Reasonable suspicion, probable cause, preponderance, clear and convincing and beyond a reasonable doubt.

400

A defendant must be warned prior to custodial interrogation of his constitutional rights protected by the two amendments.

What are the 5th and 6th?

500
"The right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, paper, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be seized."
What is The Fourth Amendment
500

This determination is made at the first appearance and the 8th amendment prohibits it from being excessive.

What is bail.

500

Officers must obtain it voluntarily but need not warn of the right to refuse

What is conset

500

Katz created this test for the 4th amendment after finding the 4th amendment protects people not places.

What is reasonable expectation of privacy?

500

The stops are not based on suspicion but are still reasonable if the standards set forth in Betancourt are followed.

What are roadblocks?

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