The Basics
5 Hypotheses
Sociocultural Factors
What About?
Bilingual Education
100
Speaking a single language and speaking more than one language.
What is monolingualism and bilingualism?
100
Krashen believes if we receive messages we understand, in authentic ways, we acquire language.
What is the Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis?
100
The greater the social distance the greater the difficulty in learning a second language.
What is Schumann's Acculturation Model?
100
Theories that base learning off of learner's reception and understanding of a second language.
What are Reception-based Theories?
100
The process of incorporating different languages during conversations and discussions.
What is Translanguaging?
200
When a child learns two languages at the same time from birth.
What is simultaneous bilingualism?
200
An example of this is... when individuals learning English acquire English morphemes in the same order.
What is the Natural Order Hypothesis?
200
One cultural group has more power than another cultural group.
What is Social Dominance?
200
Theories that consider the learner's use and production of the second language.
What are Production-based Theories?
200
Students are immersed into a classroom where they hear, speak and write English all day.
What are English-only Approaches?
300
When a child learns one language at home and one language at school.
What is sequential bilingualism?
300
When overused, this can affect a speakers meaning in order to provide accuracy of speech.
What is the Monitor Hypothesis?
300
When two groups are different culturally the social distance becomes greater. When two groups are similar, social distant is smaller.
What is Cultural Congruence?
300
This person believes that input and output both play an important role in second language acquisition.
What is Merrill Swain?
300
A bilingual program is __________ when children enter a program where they maintain and develop their first language, while learning a second language. A program is _______ when children lose their first language.
What is additive and subtractive?
400
This SLA model is based on Norm Chomsky's theoretical linguistic research.
What is Krashen's Monitor Model?
400
Language is acquired when individuals receive oral or written messages that they understand.
What is the Input Hypothesis?
400
When a person takes on a new culture without giving up his/her own primary culture.
What is Acculturation?
400
This approach to teaching grammar involves identifying different parts of speech.
What is Language as Structure?
400
ELLs are provided with 2-3 years of ESL support before being placed in English-only classrooms.
What are ESL Pull-out or Push-in Content Instruction?
500
This SLA model looks at how one culture is placed into a new setting.
What is Schumann's Acculturation Model?
500
Input is blocked when someone is anxious, nervous, or bored.
What is the Affective Filter Hypothesis?
500
Motivation, attitude and culture shock affect acquisition of a second language.
What is Psychological Distance?
500
This approach to teaching grammar teachers a few rules that students need to use to monitor output.
What is Language as Mental Faculty?
500
Programs that aim for full proficiency in two languages, while gaining an appreciation for the cultures associated with the languages.
What are Enriched Educational Programs?
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