Topic 1
These types of laws deal with disputes between people or between the government and its citizens
Civil laws
This amendment states that no person can be forced to be a witness against themselves in a criminal case.
A court order allowing law-enforcement officers to search a suspect's home/business and take specific items as evidence
Search warrant
A law that punishes a person accused of a crime without a trial or a fair hearing in court
Bill of attainder
putting someone on trial for a crime for which he or she was already acquitted
Double jeopardy
A rule that evidence gained by police in a way that violates the Fourth Amendment may not be used in trial
Exclusionary rule
This amendment grants the accused the right to be defended by a lawyer
6th Amendment
An attitude or belief based on likelihood
Presumption
Crimes against _________ are the most common type of crime
Property
Law established by judicial decision
Case law
These laws regulate how individuals deal with the government and regulate the organization and conduct of the government.
Public laws
A set of statutes that apply to those serving in the armed forces of the United States
Military law
The government may not take our lives, liberty, or property without following legal procedure
Due process
These types of laws prohibit/ban acts like theft or drunk driving
Criminal laws
Administrative law
Right to remain silent, anything they say may be used against them, they have the right to an attorney – if they cannot afford one, the court will provide one
Miranda Warning
This court case ruled that police must inform suspects of their right to refuse to answer police questions
A law that would allow a person to be punished for an action that was not against the law when it was committed.
Mapp v. Ohio
The most important source of law in the United States
US Constitution
A court order that requires police to bring a prisoner to court to explain why the person is being held
Writ of habeas corpus
A court made up of officers that try those accused of breaking military laws
This amendment outlaws excessive penalties and forbids cruel/unusual punishments
8th Amendment