Napoleonic Empire
Explain why Napoleon couldn't conquer Russia.
Because the cold hit Napoleon's army during the winter and a lot of his soldiers died.
What is the difference between centralism and federalism?
Federalism: each state has autonomy to make decisions.
Centralism: one group or state (usually the capital) holds all the power.
What were the two economic projects of the United States after its independence?
North: industrialization
Sur: agriculture with slaves
Social groups that had the greatest rivalry in New Spain.
Creoles and peninsulares
Why was Mexico so in debt in the 19th century?
Because it asked for a lot of loans
What happened during the coup d'etat of 18 Brumarie?
What was the Napoleonic Code?
A document that brought order to France, as it established civil rights and responsibilities.
What is the difference between civil war and secession?
Civil war: conflict between two or more groups from the same country.
Secession: separation of one state from its political entity.
What were the characteristics of Hidalgo's insurgent movement?
Hint: The Alhóndiga de Granaditas
Extreme violence, disorganization, internal conflicts among its leaders. It was a movement against the peninsulares, NOT for independence.
Why did the First Mexican Empire fail?
Because he eliminated the Congress (legislative power)
When he couldn't invade England, Napoleon implements this strategy to affect their economy.
He blocks them commercially by invading Spain and Portugal.
Explain two reasons why Texas separated from Mexico.
They wanted to have slaves and it was prohibited by Mexico.
They got angry about the Texas Colonization Law because they were sending criminals and poor families to populate the territory
What was Manifest Destiny and what was the Monroe Doctrine?
Manifest Destiny: It was USA's destiny to expand.
Monroe Doctrine: America for the Americans.
Which event that occurred in Spain became an indirect cause of Mexico's independence?
The exile of Charles IV, Ferdinand VII, and their family due to the Napoleonic invasion of Spain.
The imposition of 'Pepe Botellas' in power.
Which territories separated from Mexico after its independence?
Provincias unidas de Centroamérica, Texas, Republic of Río Grande y Republic of Yucatán.
Why is the Napoleonic Empire a precedent of modern Germany?
Because it united the German states into a single country, creating a shared identity among its citizens.
What were the Bourbon Reforms? Mention one example of a reform.
They were reforms imposed with the change of dynasty from the Habsburgs to the Bourbons to strengthen the government.
Ex. Increase in taxes, only peninsulares in political positions, creation of intendancies.
Why do the Missouri Compromise and the Kansas-Nebraska Act contradict each other?
Because the second one did not respect the division between the North (free states) and the South (slave states)
Why can’t we fully say that Mexico wanted to be independent from Spain during the different steps of the war?
Because at first they wanted Ferdinand VII to rule, and because Agustín de Iturbide offered him the crown when independence was achieved.
Why did the Reform War begin?
Because the conservatives wanted to abolish the liberal Constitution of 1857.
Name 2 reasons why Napoleon Bonaparte received the support of the French people before getting into power.
1. He made a truce with the Catholic Church after the French Revolution.
2. He managed to defeat England, Prussia, and Austria during the French Revolution.
3. He ended the counterrevolution and the peasant uprisings during the Revolution.
Mention at least 2 battles of the USA Civil War and their importance.
Bull Run: first battle, South wins
Antietam: The bloodiest day; France and Great Britain withdraw their support for the South.
Vicksburg y Gettysburg: they defined the victory of the North
Appomattox: South gives up
What were the objectives of the Thirteenth Amendment and the Emancipation Proclamation?
Emancipation Proclamation: freedom for the slaves in the South (as a war strategy)
13th Amendment: prohibition of slavery in the United States.
In what way do López Rayón's 'Constitutional Elements' differ from Morelos' 'Sentiments of the Nation'?
The first wanted to give the Mexican crown to Ferdinand VII, while the second sought Mexico's independence.
Why is Maximilian of Habsburg not the villain of the Second Mexican Empire (as is sometimes suggested)? Mention at least two reasons.
Because he tricked to come to Mexico.
Because in the end he supported the liberals more and respected the Reform Laws.
Because he protected the indigenous people.