Modernization: China vs Japan
This East Asian nation successfully adopted Western technology and institutions during the Meiji Restoration.
What is Japan?
Prince Gong led early reform efforts following which major Chinese war?
What is the second opium war?
The movement aimed to strengthen China by adopting this.
What is western technology and military tactics?
China lost the first Sino Japanese war to Japan revealing what area of weakness?
What is the military?
This leader is often called the "Father of Modern China."
Unlike Japan’s centralized government reforms, this traditional power structure hindered China’s modernization efforts.
What is the power of provincial authorities?
Prince Gong co-founded this foreign affairs office to manage diplomacy with the West.
What is the Zongli Yamen?
The slogan of the Self-Strengthening Movement emphasized Chinese learning for essence, and this for practical use.
What is western learning?
The defeat resulted in the loss of this peninsula and island.
What are the Liaodong Peninsula and Taiwan?
The revolution ended the rule of this dynasty?
What is the Qing dynasty?
Both China and Japan sought to modernize after encounters with this Western practice.
What is imperialism?
During his reforms, Prince Gong advocated for learning this type of knowledge from the West.
What is science and technology?
The movement established shipyards and arsenals, like this one in Shanghai.
What is Jiangnan Arsenal?
China had to sign this humiliating treaty in 1895.
What is the Treaty of Shimonoseki?
One key cause of the revolution was frustration with the government's failure to modernize after this event.
What is the Sino-Japanese War?
One difference in military reform was that Japan built a national army, while China relied on these.
What are regional militias?
Prince Gong’s policies gained traction after this devastating internal conflict.
What is the Taiping rebellion?
Educational reforms included sending students abroad, especially to this country.
What is the US?
The war revealed the failure of this decades-long modernization effort.
What is the self strengthening movement?
Despite revolutionary success, this northern general later took control, undermining republican ideals.
Who is Yuan Shikai?
China's failure to emulate Japan’s success was partly due to this conservative ruling group’s resistance to change.
What is the Qing court or the Empress Dowager Cixi’s faction?
Despite early promise, Prince Gong’s influence waned due to these court politics.
What are the power struggles with Empress Dowager Cixi?
The movement ultimately failed due to limited central control and this kind of internal opposition.
What is conservative resistance or bureaucratic corruption?
The defeat spurred calls for reform and led to these political and revolutionary movements.
What are the Hundred Days’ Reform and the Xinhai Revolution?
The revolution failed to fully establish democracy due to weak central leadership and the persistence of these.
What are the warlords?