Conflicts and Compromise
What was the book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed the evils and injustices of slavery and Fugitive Slave Laws?
Uncle Tom's Cabin
What is an abolitionist?
Someone who wants to end all slavery everywhere immediately
What was the first state to leave the Union?
South Carolina on December 20, 1820
Who was the leader of the Union and Confederacy?
Union: Abraham Lincoln
Confederacy: Jefferson Davis
What is the name of states that did not immediately join the Confederacy or stay in the Union?
Border States
What was the main goal of the Free-Soil Party?
To keep slavery out of Western Territories
What was the Republican Party's main goal?
Stop the spread of slavery
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
Battle of Fort Sumter on April 11, 1861
Who introduced the Wilmot Proviso?
David Wilmot, a Congressman from Pennsylvania.
- The Wilmot Proviso banned slavery in territories won from Mexico, but it was never passed through the Legislative Branch.
What was the nickname given to Kansas because of the violent attacks that occurred due to the Kansas and Nebraska Act?
Bleeding Kansas
What was the Fugitive Slave Act and how did the North respond
- The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 required all citizens to help catch African American runaway slaves
- The North combated this law with their own Liberty Laws that made it harder to recapture runaway slaves
What was the Kansas and Nebraska Act and what did it establish?
It organized the land North of Native Territory (present-day Oklahoma) to Canada and Northwest of Missouri to the West of the Rocky Mountains, and it split the land into Kansas Territory and Nebraska Territory.
- These two Territories would have popular sovereignty, so the state population could decide for itself if the Territory would become a slave state or a free state.
What is the difference between Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis's inaugural addresses?
Lincoln: Wanted to keep the Union together and that states do not have the right to succeed from the Union
Davis: Wanted to succeed form the Union and that liberty and equality only applied to white men.
What abolitionist led violent raids in Kansas and Virginia and tried to insight a slave revolt?
John Brown
What is Martial Law?
When the military is put in charge of the country not elected officials.
What did the Missouri Compromise establish?
No states, except for Missouri, above the 36 Degree Northern Latitude could be slave states.
- This would keep a balance between slave and non-slave states
What did the Dred Scott Supreme Court case ruling state?
- Dred Scott could not file a lawsuit because he was considered property and not a citizen. It also ruled that the Missouri Compromise was Unconstitutional and any state could decide to have slavery.
What were the Advantages and Disadvantages of the South going into war?
Pro: Felt like they were fighting for independence like the American Revolution, knew the land much better
Cons: Lack of factories made making war materials slow, states argued with the Confederacy Government, Much less people than the North (9 Mil compared to the north's 22 mil)
Who attacked Charles Sumner on the Senate floor with a cane
Preston Butler
- He attacked Sumner because Sumner was criticizing and speaking out against slavery and slave owners.
What is the impact of the Free-Soil Party and what they stood for?
For the first time Slavery became an important election issue and a national issue.
What did the Compromise of 1850 establish? (5 parts)
- California could enter the Union as a free state
- Created New Mexico and Utah Territory
- Ended the slave trade in Washington D.C.
- Made the Fugitive Slave Laws stricter
- Settled border disputes between Texas and New Mexico
Why was Abraham Lincoln not an abolitionist before the Civil War began?
He was running for political office, and he wanted to get as many votes as possible, so he spoke out against slavery but never said he would get rid of it completely. This way, he could get votes from some slave owners and remain more moderate.
What were the Advantages and Disadvantages of the North going into war?
Pros: Large populations, Lots of farms for crops, more industrialized, more railroads, and stronger navy
Cons: Had to invade an unknown area, and they would have to extend supply lines making sure their army was fully backed and supported much harder.
Who was the Military Commander of the Confederacy
Robert E. Lee
What was unique about the 1860 presidential election ballots in 10 Southern States ballots?
Abraham Lincoln was not an option to vote for on the ballots