Sectionalism
What does the term sectionalism mean?
Loyalty to one’s region rather than the nation as a whole
Before becoming president, Andrew Jackson’s fame came from his leadership during which major battle?
(It was the last major engagement of the War of 1812!)
The Battle of New Orleans
Which political party supported Andrew Jackson and claimed to represent the “common man”?
The Democratic Party
What is a tariff?
A tax on imported goods
What crop was known as “King” in South Carolina before the Civil War?
Cotton
Which region of the U.S. relied most heavily on industry during the 1800s?
The North
The Indian Removal Act led to what tragic event where thousands of Native Americans were forced west?
The Trail of Tears
What party formed in opposition to Jackson and his policies?
The Whig Party
What was the main goal of the American System proposed by Henry Clay?
To promote U.S. industry and self-sufficiency (unite the economy)
What crisis occurred when South Carolina tried to nullify federal tariffs?
The Nullification Crisis
What major economic activity dominated the Southern economy before the Civil War?
Farming (agriculture) and slavery
What was the name of Jackson’s policy of giving government jobs to his supporters?
The Spoils System
The Whig Party supported what kind of government involvement in the economy?
Strong federal government / promoting industry and infrastructure
What part of Henry Clay’s American System was designed to improve trade and transportation?
Internal improvements such as roads and canals
What law did South Carolina claim was unconstitutional during the Nullification Crisis?
A: Revenue Protection Act
B: Commerce Regulation Law
C: Tariff of 1828
D: Missouri Compromise
The Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations)
What invention increased the demand for enslaved labor in the South?
The cotton gin
What institution did Jackson famously oppose, believing it favored the wealthy elite?
The Second Bank of the United States
List THREE issues that divided political parties in the 1830s and 1840s
Tariffs, National Bank, Slavery, Political Representation, States' Rights, Corruption, Government Power, etc.
Which region of the country supported high tariffs — the North, South, or West?
The North
Which U.S. president threatened to use force against South Carolina during the Nullification Crisis?
Andrew Jackson
What idea claimed that each region should be allowed to decide the issue of slavery for itself?
A: Executive Veto
B: Nullification
C: Popular Sovereignty
D: Sectional Compromise
C: Popular sovereignty
Jackson’s use of presidential power to veto the bank and ignore Supreme Court rulings earned him what nickname from critics?
A: King Andrew
B: Jackson the Dictator
C: Emperor Jackson
D: Andrew the Iron-Fisted
A: King Andrew
What political belief led Jacksonian Democrats to oppose a national bank and favor limited government?
The belief in states’ rights and suspicion of strong federal power
What financial crisis followed Jackson’s decision to remove federal funds from the national bank?
The Panic of 1837
What South Carolina politician led the fight against tariffs in the 1830s?
John C. Calhoun