Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Where did the assassination take place?
Sarajevo, Bosnia
Which MAIN cause is best represented by an arms race among European powers? Explain.
Militarism; countries built up military strength.
What type of warfare involved soldiers fighting from trenches?
Trench warfare
What two sides were formed in WWI?
Allies and Central Powers
What was the Black Plague?
The Black Plague was a deadly pandemic caused by bacteria spread by fleas on rats that killed millions of people across Europe, Asia, and North Africa in the 1300s.
Who carried out the assassination?
Gavrilo Princip
How did imperialism increase competition between European nations?
They competed for colonies, resources, and global dominance.
Name one new weapon used in WWI.
Machine guns, tanks, poison gas, airplanes (any one)
Which alliance did Germany belong to?
Triple Alliance / Central Powers
What does sfumato mean?
A painting technique (most famously used by Leonardo da Vinci) where colors are blended to create a soft, smoky effect
How did Austria-Hungary respond to the assassination?
They declared war on Serbia
What is nationalism?
Strong pride and loyalty in your country
What caused “stalemate” in Europe?
Neither side could advance significantly
Name one country in the Triple Entente / Allied Powers.
Britain, France, Russia, later the U.S. (any one)
Who was Johannes Gutenberg?
An inventor who created the printing press in the 1400s, which made it much faster and cheaper to produce books.
Explain why the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand is considered a “spark” rather than a root cause of WWI.
It triggered the war, but underlying tensions already existed.
What MAIN term caused countries to be pulled into war?
Alliances
Why was trench warfare so deadly?
Exposure to chemical weapons, disease, unsanitary conditions, and constant attacks
Why were alliances dangerous in 1914?
They turned a small conflict into a world war
What did Martin Luther say about indulgences in his 95 Theses?
Martin Luther argued in his 95 Theses that indulgences should not be sold because forgiveness cannot be bought and only God can grant true forgiveness for sins.
How did nationalism in the Balkans contribute to the assassination?
Serbian nationalist groups wanted independence from Austro-Hungarian rule.
How did militarism contribute to WWI?
Countries built up large armies and weapons, increasing tension
What new technology made it possible for soldiers to cross “no man’s land”?
Tanks
What is a mutual defense agreement?
An agreement that countries will protect each other if attacked.
What are the cardinal directions?
The cardinal directions are the four main directions on a compass: north, south, east, and west.