History
This policy laid the framework for US security in Latin America, established the US as the Western hemisphere’s hegemon, and established Latin America as the US’s “backyard?”
Monroe Doctrine
Based on your knowledge of Brazilian weapons exports, these type(s) of arms are most commonly exported
Revolvers, pistols, rifles (aka “light arms”)
This policy was started by President Bush to send aid to El Salvador to help combat their domestic gang problems.
Central America Regional Security Initiative (SARSI)
In 2021 Mexico’s Foreign Minister Marcelo Ebrard declared this about the status of the Mérida Initiative due to its inability to facilitate U.S.-Mexico anti-crime cooperation.
“Dead”
The Bilateral Security Cooperation Group was discontinued under this administration.
Trump Administration
This ideology allowed states to justify human rights abuses under the guise of anti-Communism.
National Security State Ideology
Within 2023, this country accounted for nearly half of all U.S. gun, munitions, and parts exports to Latin America.
Mexico
Initiative that provides body scanners and other weapon detection equipment, as well as canines trained in detecting firearms and ammunition to Mexico.
Mérida Initiative
How the relationship between U.S. and Latin America has developed over the past 2 decades.
Upward/positively; less military interference
What U.S. Act was put into place in 1976 requires U.S. gun sellers to register with and provide detailed information about their sales to the State Department?
Arms Export Control Act of 1976
Preceding the piece of legislation put forth in 2011 that effectively reduced the number of long guns seized in Mexico, these two documents published in 2000 collect data on firearms to ensure the success of the firearm tracing process.
Demand Letters 1 and 2
In this Latin American state, the police will sell guns received from the United States. The weapons sold on the black market range anywhere from M-60, and rocket launchers to grenades and ammunition.
El Salvador
The current initiative under which the United States is providing aid and support to Columbia.
Peace Columbia
Oil is a key resource of this state and a deciding factor in the relations between this state and the United States.
Venezuela
How most Latin American rebel groups and paramilitary forces fund the majority of their operations.
The drug trade
Which Latin American State was backed by the United States to fend off the FMLN. A group who had a massive anti-US and tried to overthrow their government in the 1980’s?
El Salvador
In the United States, these 2 groups are the largest recipients of “light arms” (pistols etc.)
FBI, regular citizens
The policy introduced by Joe Biden in 2023 that mandates that no arms transfer will be authorized if it is more likely than not that the arms will be used to commit or facilitate genocide, crimes against humanity, grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions, or other serious violations of international humanitarian or human rights law.
CAT policy (conventional arms transfer policy)
Relations between El Salvador and the United States have begun to dwindle. Along with the amount of support the United States is giving them, for what reasons?
El Salvador’s military sold most of their weapons on the black market to gangs throughout the country. Increasing corrupt in recent years, coupled with drug problems. In 2019 President Trump dropped the amount of aid
How much aid has the US sent Columbia since 2000?
~10 Billion dollars
Impact(s) of 2007 funds provision towards El Salvadoran gang combat
Beneficial for both sides as it was a pledge to provide continuous aid in order to fight domestic gang activity