The Constitution of Madina
What were the 4 groups addressed by the Constitution of Madina?
1. The Muslims
2. The Jews
3. The Pagans
4. Everybody
What is a souq?
A marketplace
Who was the famous Sahabi of the Suffa?
Abu Hurairah. His real name was Abd al-Rahman ibn Sakhr, and he came from the tribe of Daws from Yemen. He came to Madinah after the Battle of Khaybar, the 7th year of the Hijrah. He is the number one narrator of hadith.
How many rakat for each salah would they pray in Makkah?
2 rakat for every salah
What is the difference between a Ghazwa and a Sariyya?
The Prophet SAW was not there in a Sariyya and appointed someone to lead it.
What is "dhimmah"?
It is protection, basically giving somebody a visa to enter Madinah. All Muslims have the ability ti grant dhimmah.
How long after the Hijrah was the Qiblah changed?
15-16 months after
What were the people of Suffa famous for?
The most in the memorization of the Quran, the most in tahajjud, the most in knowledge, etc. And in every single major battle, amongst the top of the shuhada were the People of the Suffa.
What are the steps that led to the zakat?
In the Ramadan of 2 AH, Zakat al-Fitr became wajib. Within a few months, in the same year, Zakat al-Mal was revealed.
When was the first arrow shot in the way of Allah?
In the Sariyya of Ubaydah ibn Al-Harith
What was the Prophet SAW's rules about agents?
Nobody in Madina was allowed to play the role of an agent for a Bedouin coming to trade in the souq.
What is the concept of Naskh?
Why was there a roof built at the back of the Prophet's masjid?
Because there was an influx of emigrants, the Suffa needed shelter.
What are the steps that led to fasting?
In 2 AH, fasting on the 10th of Muharram became obligatory. That same Ramadan, it became obligatory to fast if you are not travelling.
How many Sariyya and Ghazwa were there?
2. There were 19 Ghazwas, but only 8 were fought
What was the Prophet SAW's 2 rules about the souq?
i. All business must be done within the demarcated line (meaning no one should encroach on any houses, etc.)
ii. No extra taxes (no one is going to be having to pay a fee to be in the souq)
Who was Sirma?
Sirma was an elderly person who converted to Islam. Before Islam, he was a hanif, and he almost considered Christianity, but it didn't make sense to him. So he stayed a hanif. He went to Makkah but didn't like it there, so he stayed in Madina and during the last few months of his life, the Prophet SAW came and he accepted Islam.
What was the Suffa?
What is the reason for jihad in Islam?
To fight against dhulm or zulm (oppression) and fasad (corruption).
What was the precursor to the Great Battle of Badr?
Ghazwa al-Ushayra
What are the 4 points the Prophet SAW demarcated as Madinah?
Two volcanic plains in the east and west, and in the north and south there are the mountains of Ayr and Thawr.
What is the story of Masjid Qiblatayn?
There is a common myth that the Prophet was praying one day and Jibril AS came down and told him to pray the other way so he turned around and the whole congregation turned around with him. But this is not true — this is a confusion later on that took place. The authentic reports are very clear: The Prophet prayed Fajr facing Jerusalem, and then he prayed Zuhr facing Makkah. So the commandment came down in the early morning; and when it came down, the Prophet announced it in his masjid; and so what used to be the front of the masjid became the back; and the previous back became the new front. Now those people who prayed Zuhr with the Prophet, they were supposed to go back and tell their people of the change of the qibla. But the sahabi who was tasked with telling the people of the famous masjid that we now call Masjid al-Qiblatayn he arrived late. By the time he reached the mosque, the people were already praying Asr. So while they were praying, he cried out from the back of the mosque, "O people of the masjid! I have just come from the Prophet's Masjid, and I prayed with him Zuhr, and he was praying facing Makkah! The command has come to change direction!" Therefore, this was the masjid where the entire jama'ah turned around, and the imam walked straight through the entire sufuf, changing direction.
What is the story of Abu Hurairah and the glass of milk?
"Once, the Prophet saw me so hungry that I was weak with exhaustion. So he invited me to his house. And he asked Aisha RA, 'Is there anything to eat or drink?' Aisha RA said, 'Yes, one of the neighboring Ansar has given us a glass of milk.'" Of course, Abu Hurairah became happy. But the Prophet said to him, "Go and call the [other] People of the Suffa." And there were like 30-40 people! He is narrating the hadith, and he said: "I HAD to obey the command" — and so he gathered together all of them. The Prophet handed Abu Hurairah the cup and said, "Go to every one of them and give them the cup." (And so it's as if he was their servant, serving them.) And he continued narrating, "So I went to every one of them giving the cup, and I thought to myself, 'What will be left for me?' Every single one of them finished, until finally, there was only me and the Prophet left who had not drunk from the cup. And the Prophet said to me, 'Sit down.' So I sat down. He said, 'Drink.' So I drank." And Abu Hurairah said the cup was brimming as if it was more than the first time the Prophet handed it to him. And the Prophet said again, "Drink" — so Abu Hurairah drank again. And the Prophet kept saying, "Drink, drink, drink," until Abu Hurairah said, "Wallahi, O Messenger of Allah! There is not a single space left in my stomach for this milk." Then, after all of the 30-40 people had drunk, the Prophet took the cup the last, and he drank from it.
In what year was Hajj revealed?
9 AH
What are the lists of the 8 important battles?
1. Badr, Uhud, Ahzab, Al Muraysi' (aka Bani al-Mustaliq), Al-Qadid, Makkah, and Hunayn
2. Badr, Uhud, Ahzab, Bani al-Mustaliq (aka Al Muraysi'), Makkah, Hunayn, and Ta'if