Communication
What is the main function of the nervous system?
To send electrical impulses that control and coordinate body functions.
Define homeostasis.
The regulation of the body’s internal environment to remain stable.
In anatomical position, how are the palms oriented?
Facing forward.
What tissue connects muscle to bone?
Tendons.
Define personality.
Psychological qualities that influence behavior, thoughts, and emotions.
Which division of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
The Central Nervous System (CNS).
Which hormone lowers blood glucose?
Insulin.
Which plane divides the body into left and right?
Sagittal plane.
Name the synovial joint found at the elbow.
Hinge joint.
Trait theory says personality is…?
Stable, innate, and consistent over time.
What does the sympathetic nervous system do during exercise?
Increases HR, ventilation, blood pressure, blood flow to muscles, and glucose release.
What physiological change happens when body temperature rises?
Vasodilation and increased sweating
What movement brings a limb away from the midline?
Abduction.
What is a motor unit?
A motor neuron and all the muscle fibres it innervates.
According to social learning theory, personality develops through what?
Observation, modeling, and reinforcement.
Name the brain structure responsible for balance and coordination.
The cerebellum.
What are the four main components of blood?
RBCs, WBCs, platelets, and plasma.
Define dorsiflexion.
Decreasing the angle at the ankle by lifting the toes upward.
Which muscle fibre type is best for endurance?
Type I (slow-twitch).
What does the interactionist theory say about behavior (formula)?
Behavior = traits + situation.
Explain the path of the electrical impulse that creates a heartbeat.
SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibres → ventricular contraction
Describe how gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.
O₂ diffuses into the blood and CO₂ diffuses into the alveoli due to pressure gradients.
Name three movement types that occur in the transverse plane.
Internal rotation, external rotation, and horizontal abduction/adduction.
Describe the sliding filament theory of contraction.
Myosin cross-bridges pull actin filaments inward using ATP and calcium, shortening the muscle.
Give one limitation of personality questionnaires in sport.
Social desirability bias, misinterpretation, or inconsistent results across contexts.