self-Efficacy
What is self-efficacy?
the beliefs we hold about our own capabilities
How do you encourage self-efficacy?
emphasize progress, set learning goals, make suggestions for improvements
What is an example of vicarious experiences?
If a student sees that their friend who they have a lot in common is good at something, they will believe they are also capable.
When are mastery experiences a source of self-efficacy?
when we interpret our direct experiences
What are the three factors of the Triadic Reciprocal Causality?
personal, behavioral, environmental
What is self-concept?
A more global self perception of our abilities.
what is a teacher's sense of self-efficacy?
a teacher's belief that he or she can reach even the most difficult students and help them learn
What is an example of mastery experiences?
A student has high self-efficacy in math because they have always done well in math in the past and have gotten all A's.
When are vicarious experiences the source of self-efficacy?
when you have little to no direct experience in a domain, so you judge yourself through observing the performances of others
Examples of environmental factors?
resources, other people, physical settings
What is self-esteem?
Our judgement of self worth, and our concern over what others think about our competency.
what happens when you have a high self-efficacy?
you are better equipped to take charge of your own life; which is known as acting with agency
What is an example of physiological and emotional arousal?
A student feels nauseous when about to take a test, they think this means they are not capable of passing.
When is social persuasion the source of self-efficacy?
when it is based on the evaluative messages a student receives from those around them.
What are examples of behavioral factors?
individual actions, coping skills, school performance
What is the relationship between self-efficacy and self-esteem?
There is no direct relationship.
What positive effects does high self-efficacy have on a student?
greater levels of confidence, persistence, and resilience, higher grades, higher confidence, more likely to graduate
What is an example of social persuasion?
a pep talk, feedback
When is physiological and emotional arousal the source of self-efficacy?
when our perceptions of our capabilities is based on how we interpret our own emotions and physical reactions
What are examples of personal factors?
beliefs, expectations, cognitive abilities, motivation, attitudes