Gases
A diver blows a 0.75 L air bubble at 2.25 atm. As the air bubble raises to 1.03 atm, what will the new volume be?
P1V1 = P2V2
1.64 L
What is the difference between saturated, unsaturated and supersaturated?
Saturated: Contains the max amount of solute
Unsaturated: Contains less than the max amount of solute
Supersaturated: Contains more than the max amount of solute
What are three characteristics of acids AND three characteristics of bases?
Acids: sour, low pH(1-6), turns litmus papers red, more hydrogen ions, donates hydrogens, accepts electrons
Bases: bitter, high pH(8-14), turns litmus papers blue, more hydroxide ions, accepts hydrogens, donates electrons
What is the SI unit for energy and heat?
Joules
A helium balloon in a car occupies a volume of 2.32 L at 40 C. If the car is heated to 75 C, what is the new volume of the balloon?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
2.58 L
Calculate the molarity of 1.60 L containing 1.55 g of KBr
1.55 / ~119 = 0.0130 mol
0.0130 / 1.60 = 0.00824 M
What is the pH if the pOH is 4.50
14 - 4.50 = 9.50
The temperature of a sample of iron with a mass of 10 g, changed from 50.4 C to 25 C with a release of 114 J. What is the specific heat of iron?
114 = (10)c(25.4)
0.449 J/(gC)
A gas at 110 atm and 30 C, fills a container with a volume of 2.00 L. If the temperature is raised to 80 C and the pressure increases to 440 atm, what is the new volume?
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
0.583 L
What is the molarity of solution containing 40 g of glucose (C6H12O6) in 1500 mL?
40 / ~180 = 0.222 mol
1500 / 1000 = 1.5 L
0.222 / 1.5 = 0.148 M
Calculate the pH if the H+ concentration is 3.0 x 10-6
-log(3.0 x 10-6) = 5.52
If the temperature of 34.4 g of ethanol increases from 25 to 78.8 C, how much heat is absorbed?
Specific heat of ethanol is 2.44 J/(gC)
q = (34.4)(2.44)(53.8)
4516 J
Calculate the number of moles of ammonia gas (NH3) contained in a 3 L vessel at 300 K with a pressure of 1.50 atm.
PV=nRT
0.183 mol
How much calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] in grams are needed to produce 1.5 L of a 0.25 M
0.25 x 1.5 = 0.375 mol
0.375 x ~74 = 27.75 g
Calculate the OH with a pOH of 8.78
10-8.78 = 2.0 x 10-9
Calculate the heat required to melt 25.7 grams of CH3OH.
Melting point = 3.22 kJ
25.7 grams x (1 mol / ~32 grams ) x (3.22 / 1 mol)
2.58 kJ
What volume of oxygen gas is needed for the complete combustion of 4.00 L of propane (C3H8)?
C3H8 + 5O2 --> 3CO2 + 4H2O
4.00 x (5 L O2 / 1 L C3H8)
20 L
Calculate the OH concentration when the H concentration is 1.0 x 10-5
1.0 x 10-14 / 1.0 x 10-5 = 1.0 x 10-9
How much heat evolves when 275 g of NH3 condenses to a liquid at its boiling point?
Boiling point = 23.3 kJ
275 grams x (1 mol / ~17 grams ) x (23.3 / 1 mol)
376 kJ