Networks of Exchange
The Power of Empires
Beliefs & Culture
Innovations & Environment
Social Structures & Labor
The Americas & Exploration
200
This technological innovation made Trans-Saharan trade possible, allowing merchants to dramatically increase the volume and reliability of trade
Camel Saddles
200
This West African empire grew wealthy due to the gold and salt trade under the rule of Mansa Musa
Mali
200
The blending of religions and cultures is known as-
syncretism
200
This fast-ripening crop from Vietnam doubled the Chinese population under the Song
Champa rice
200
In Feudal Europe, these agricultural laborers were bound to the land they worked on
Serfs
200
This "floating garden" agriculture system was used by the Aztecs
chinampas
400
These roadside inns along the Silk Roads allowed merchants to rest and facilitated the exchange of culture and ideas
caravanserai
400
This empire, credited as being the largest contiguous land empire, facilitated growth of the Silk Roads due to their political stability
Mongols
400
This split within Islam fueled the conflict between the Ottoman and Safavid Empires
Sunni-Shia split
400
the transfer of animals, plants, and disease between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres
Columbian Exchange
400
This Inca labor tax required citizens to work on pubic projects and was later adapted by the Spanish
Mit'a system
400
Sponsored Portuguese exploration, funding navigation schools and map-making
Prince Henry the Navigator
600
This economic system drove empires to hoard silver/gold and maintain a favorable balance of trade
mercantilism
600
Christian boys taken by the Ottomans were trained to become these elite soldiers and bureaucrats
Janissaries
600
This 16th century European movement challenged the Catholic Church and led to new branches of Christianity
Protestant Reformation
600
This innovation, developed in Song China, allowed a merchant to deposit money in one location and withdraw it elsewhere, avoiding the risk of carrying heavy currency
Flying cash
600
This form of labor system treated humans as property and was central to the Atlantic plantation economy
Chattel Slavery
600
This treaty divided the New World between Spain and Portugal
Treaty of Tordesillas
800
Replacing the earlier Portuguese "Trading Post" model, these organizations sold shares to private investors to distribute financial risk
joint-stock companies
800
This Mughal ruler is known for his religious tolerance
Akbar the Great
800
A syncretic religion founded in India, blending Islam and Hinduism
Sikhism
800
This Portuguese ship design which used lateen sails was small, maneuverable, and fast
Caravel
800
This early Spanish colonial labor system granted a colonist authority over a specific number of native people, demanding labor and tribute in exchange for protection
Encomienda System
800
The specific disease responsible for the "Great Dying" of up to 90% of indigenous Americans
smallpox
1000
Located on a narrow passageway between the Indian and Pacific Oceans, this powerful Asian city-state grew wealthy by taxing maritime trade and became a key hub for Muslim merchants in the 15th century
Malacca
1000
This Chinese dynasty reestablished ethnic Han rule after the Mongols but later isolated itself
Ming Dynasty
1000
Emphasizing personal devotion and mysticism, this branch of Islam helped spread the religion across regions -- often blending with local cultural traditions
Sufism
1000
The introduction of this New World crop to Afro-Eurasia led to a massive population spike in Ireland and China
Potatoes
1000
In the Spanish colonies, this racial hierarchy placed Peninsulares at the top and enslaved people at the bottom
Casta System
1000
Whose voyage is shown in the map above and what are they known for?
Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe