Bond, Molecular Bond
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Potpurri
100
What is a bond where two or more electrons are shared called?
A covalent bond
100
What type of reaction does the model below represent?
AB --> A + B
Decomposition
100
What is an exothermic reaction?
a process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings
100
What is the trend for atomic size on the periodic table?
Increasing from right to left and from top to bottom
100
What electrons participate in bonding?
Valence shell electrons
200
Describe an ionic bond.
a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, or between two atoms with sharply different electronegativities
200
What five things will you always find in a combustion reaction?
A fuel (hydrocarbon), oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, and heat
200
How do you find ∆T?
Final temperature - initial temperature
200
Describe the trend on the periodic table for electronegativity.
Increasing from left to right and from bottom to top
200
What is thermal equillibrium?
Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of thermal energy between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat.
300
Describe a metallic bond
the sharing of many detached electrons between many positive ions
Electron Sea model
300
Calculate the specific heat capacity of a new alloy if a 17 g sample absorbs 500 J when it is heated from 0.0°C to 17°C
c = 1.73 J/gC
300
At the beginning of a reaction, a beaker was 22°C. At the end of the reaction, the beaker was 14°C. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic and how do you know?
Endothermic, energy is being absorbed by the system and the temperature is decreasing.
300
What are the ranges for covalent and ionic bonds?
0-0.4 Non-polar covalent
0.4-1.8 Polar Covalent
>1.8. Ionic
300
What is thermal expansion?
the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume, and density in response to a change in temperature, usually not including phase transitions.
400
SO2 (sulfur dioxide) is a compound formed by sulfur (2.58) and oxygen (3.44). What kind of bond is present? Which direction would the dipole be facing?
Polar covalent
From the sulfur to the oxygen
400
Write a complete and balanced combustion reaction with the fuel C3H8
C3H8 + 5O2 --> 3CO2 + 4H2O
400
Define activation energy
The energy required for a reaction to progress forward
400
Describe the trend for ionization energy and define it.
Increases from left to right and bottom to top
the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an atom or molecule
400
What is Coulomb's Law and what variables does it take into consideration?
an experimental law of physics that quantifies the amount of force between two stationary, electrically charged particles.
Considers distance and charge
500
What kind of intermolecular bond contributes to the surface tension and boiling point of water? Describe the polarity and bonding of water.
Hydrogen bonds
500
Predict the products of a neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH
HCl + NaOH --> H2O + NaCl
500
Identify the products and reactants of the following reaction diagram.
(demo)
500
Which of the following elements is the most electronegative?
Helium, neon, sulfur, arsenic, or franceum
Sulfur
500
Describe the flow of energy between an ice cube melting and its surroundings (the classroom). Use the words system and surroundings in your answer. Identify whether this is an exothermic or endothermic process.
Thermal energy is flowing from the surroundings to the system.
Endothermic