Cardiology
A 38-year-old female collapses at a community event. She is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders report she suddenly grabbed her chest and fell.
What is the first action the paramedic should take?
Chest Compressions
What rhythm is this
2nd Degree type 1
Mobitz 1
During compensated shock, what helps the body maintain cardiac output as well as normal systolic blood pressure?
An increased chemoreceptor response
A decreased chemoreceptor response
Increased catecholamine production
Decreased catecholamine production
Increased catecholamine production
Which of the following are used to describe specific parts of a motor vehicle?
Select the two answer options which are correct.
L post
A post
I post
B post
A and B
What is the half life of Adenosine
Around 30 seconds
A 62 year-old patient reports sudden onset of severe chest pain described as tearing and radiating to the back. The patient is anxious, diaphoretic, and hypertensive. Lung sounds are clear bilaterally, and there is no evidence of trauma. Which assessment finding would most strongly support an early suspicion of an aortic dissection?
A narrowing pulse pressure and tachycardia
Blood pressure difference of 20 mmHg or more in the upper extremities
A reddish-blue discoloration of the skin above the shoulders
A sudden rise in systolic blood pressure and fall in diastolic blood pressure
Blood pressure difference of 20 mmHg or more in the upper extremities
What rhythm is this and how do you treat it?
Supraventricular Tachycardia
Adenosine 6mg Rapid IV Push followed by a 10-20cc flush
Adenosine 12mg Rapid IV Push followed by a 10-20cc flush
Synchronized Cardioversion 50-100j
What is the IV fluid of choice for the treatment of a trauma patient in hypovolemic shock?
0.45% sodium chloride
Lactated Ringer's solution
5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride
0.9% normal saline
Lactated Ringers Solution
You are performing your daily ambulance check at the beginning of your shift. You notice that the oxygen cylinder in the main compartment is reading just below the minimum required pressure according to your service's SOPs.
What should be your immediate action?
Immediately replace the cylinder with a full one and document the change
Slightly open the valve to see if the pressure reading increases
Document the pressure and monitor it throughout the shift
Inform the next shift to replace the cylinder
Immediately replace the cylinder with a full one and document the change
Amiodarone is what class of Antidysrhythmic?
Class III
A 45-year-old female presents with the sudden onset of severe shortness of breath. She has a history of recent long-distance travel. Her vitals are HR 120, RR 30, SpO, 88%.
What is the most likely underlying pathophysiology?
Pulmonary embolism
Asthma exacerbation
Pneumonia
Acute bronchitis
Pulmonary Embolism
What coronary artery is being affected
Circumflex
Your adult patient was entrapped by dirt up to her mid-abdominal area for a few hours while rescue crews worked to free her. Once on the cardiac monitor, why would tall, tented T waves become evident quickly?
Cardiac tamponade associated with increased intrathoracic pressure and blood pressure
Hyperkalemia caused by the sudden influx of potassium
Myocardial ischemia caused by decreased available oxygen for the myocardium
Hypokalemia associated with the sudden release of the compressive force
Hyperkalemia caused by the sudden influx of potassium
You are contacting medical control regarding a 60-year-old female with a suspected stroke. What is the most appropriate communication format to ensure an accurate and efficient information exchange?
Only communicate the patient's vital signs
A casual, conversational style
A detailed narrative including personal opinions
A concise, organized format such as SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation)
A concise, organized format such as SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation)
What is the main contraindication for Ondansetron (Zofran) BESIDES hypersensitivity
Long QT Syndrome
A 50-year-old male presents with chest pain, and his 12-lead ECG shows ST-segment depression.
What does this finding suggest?
NSTEMI or unstable angina
Pericarditis
Benign Early Repolarization
STEMI
NSTEMI or unstable angina
Review the EKG strip and identify the artifact.
60-cycle interference
Artifact from performing CPR
Baseline sway
Artifact from defibrillation or cardioversion
Artifact from performing CPR
An unconscious patient with a closed head injury presents with a widened pulse pressure, bradycardia, sluggish pupils, and abnormal extension posturing. These findings suggest increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
Which area of the brain is most likely affected by this pressure?
Midbrain
Cortex
Pons
Upper brainstem
Midbrain
During the transport of a patient with a psychiatric emergency who has been placed in restraints by law enforcement, what is your primary responsibility?
Defer all medical care to the receiving facility due to the patient's behavioral issues.
Continuously monitor the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, and mental status and document the restraint application and ongoing assessment.
Remove the restraints if the patient appears calm during transport.
Ensure the restraints remain securely in place throughout transport.
Continuously monitor the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, and mental status and document the restraint application and ongoing assessment.
Why do we administer Morphine for Chest Pain?
To reduce the Myocardial Oxygen Demand
You are treating a 32-year-old patient that presents with chest pain, altered mental status, and hypotension. The cardiac monitor reveals a polymorphic wide complex tachycardia. Which of the following would be the most appropriate initial treatment?
Synchronized cardioversion at 100
joules (monophasic)
Unsynchronized high-energy shock
Synchronized low-energy shock
Unsynchronized cardioversion at 50j (monophasic)
Unsynchronized high energy shock
What rhythm is this and what is your treatment
Torsades De Pointes
Magnesium Sulfate 2g
A patient presents with facial trauma, pain below the nose, epistaxis, and noticeable swelling above the teeth.
Imaging reveals a horizontal fracture separating the maxilla from the nasal floor. Which type of Le Fort fracture does this describe?
Le Fort IV fracture
Le Fort III fracture
Le Fort I fracture
Le Fort II fracture
Le Fort I fracture
You arrive on the scene at a private residence for a reported carbon monoxide (CO) exposure. The homeowner states their CO detector was sounding an alarm. You have a multi-gas meter with you.
What should your initial safety assessment include?
Interviewing the homeowner outside to gather more information before taking any further action
Requesting the fire department to ventilate the residence before making patient contact
Immediately entering the residence to assess the patient's condition
Ensuring the scene is safe by using your multi-gas meter to assess CO levels outside the residence before entry
Ensuring the scene is safe by using your multi-gas meter to assess CO levels outside the residence before entry
Dopamine
Desired Dose: 2mcg
Amount in vial: 400mg
Volume in Bag: 250mL
Patient Weight: 175lbs
Drop Set: 10gtts
Calculate the Drip Rate in gtts per minute
5.96gtts/min