Cells
What are the main ideas of cell theory?
All organisms are made up of one or more cell.
The cell is the basic unit of all organisms
All cells come from existing cells
What are the three stages of the cell cycle
interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype
Genotype: The alleles you get from your parents
Phenotype: Your observable traits
What is an example of a mechanical wave and a electromagnetic wave
mechanical: sound
electromagnetic: light
What type of mutation occured:
AACCTTGGA
AAACCTTGGA
Insertion
What is the function of proteins in organisms
build and repair body structures
Regulate body processes
What are the starting and ending materials of photosynthesis
Water and Carbon dioxide
Sugar and water
Which of these are for a Homozygous individual:
AA
Aa
Bb
bb
Cc
AA, bb
Why can we not hear a phone ringing from a vacuum sealed container (no air).
Sound can only travel when there is a medium
What is an example of cloning
making copies of DNA found at crime scenes to better study it.
What organelles do both plant and animal cells have?
mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes, ER,Golgi complex, vacuole
Why do cells divide
What is written on the inside of a Punnett square
The possible genotypes of an offspring
what direction do transverse waves travel vs longitudinal waves.
transverse: up and down (perpendicular to the energy)
longitudinal: back and forth (parallel to the energy)
What are two examples of Asexual reproduction
binary fission
budding
spores
vegetative reproduction
Give an example of each level of cellular organization
Blood cell
Connective tissue
Brain
Circulatory system
What are the four stages of mitosis and what happens during them
prophase: chromatin becomes chromosome
metaphase: chromosome line up in the middle
anaphase: chromosome separate into chromatid to opposite sides of the cell
telophase: a new nuclear membrane is formed around each set of chromatid
What is the difference between DNA and RNA
DNA: double helix, bases ATGC
RNA: single strand, bases AUCG
have a different sugar in their backbone
What is amplitude, wave length, and frequency
amplitude: height of the wave, how far it moves from rest.
Wave length: the distance from one crest to the crest on the next wave
Frequency: how often a wave comes in a given amount of time
What four things do cells do to maintain homeostasis
obtain and use energy
make new cells
exchange materials
eliminate waste
Choose 2 organelles and tell me their functions
Nucleus:contains genetic material
ER: makes lipids and transports proteins
Golgi complex: packages and distributes material
Ribosome: make proteins
......
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis
mitosis: body cells, one stage, creates 2 cells, 46 chromosome per cell
Meiosis: gametes, 2 stages, creates 4 cells, 23 chromosomes per cell
What is transcription and what is translation?
Transcription: DNA is copied onto mRNA
Translation: The information on mRNA is used to make proteins
What determines the speed of a wave
its medium, its frequency, its wavelength.
What is something you are most stressed about for this mid-term
anything