Vocab Vocation
What is the definition of a scalar quantity?
A number with magnitude only
Convert 5 km to meters.
5000 m
What branch of science focuses on the study of matter and energy?
Physics
What is the SI unit of force?
Newton, N
State Newton’s First Law.
An object in motion remains in motion, and an object at rest remains at rest unless acted upon by a net external force.
Name a unit used to measure force.
How many seconds are in 2.5 hours?
9000 seconds
Which subfield of physics deals with motion under constant acceleration?
Kinematics
A 50 N force is applied to an object. If the object doesn’t move, what can you infer about the forces acting on it?
The static friction is equal to 50 N, balancing the applied force.
According to Newton’s Second Law, what is the formula for force?
Force = Mass * Acceleration
What does "displacement" measure?
The distance between an objects initial and final position, ONLY
Convert 25 m/s to km/h.
90 Km/hr
Explain why physics is sometimes called the "fundamental science."
Physics underpins other sciences, as it explains the basic principles governing matter, energy, and their interactions.
What is the difference between contact forces and non-contact forces?
Contact forces require physical contact (e.g., friction), while non-contact forces act at a distance (e.g., gravity).
A 10 kg object accelerates at 2 m/s². What is the force acting on it?
20 N
Define "inertia" and explain which of Newton’s Laws it relates to.
the natural tendency of objects in motion to stay in motion and objects at rest to stay at rest, unless a force causes the velocity to change; Newton's First Law
Convert 500 grams to kilograms and then to pounds (1 kg = 2.2 lbs).
0.5 kg; 1.1 lbs
Name one example of how physics applies to sports.
Calculating the trajectory of a basketball shot involves principles of projectile motion.
A rope can withstand a tension of 300 N before snapping. If it’s used to lift a 20 kg object, will it snap?
No. The force required to lift the object is 20 kg × 9.8 m/s^2 = 196 N, which is less than 300 N.
Give a real-life example of Newton's Third Law in action.
A person jumping off a boat pushes the boat backward while propelling themselves forward.
What is meant by "net force," and how does it affect the motion of an object?
Total sum of all forces acting on a body/object; determines the final acceleration and direction of motion
A car travels at 60 mph. Convert this speed to m/s. (1 mile = 1609 m)
26.82 m/s
How does modern physics differ from classical physics? Provide one example of each.
Classical physics deals with macroscopic systems and concepts like mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism (e.g., Newton's laws). Modern physics addresses phenomena at the atomic and subatomic levels, as well as relativistic speeds (e.g., quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory of relativity).
A box slides down an incline. Identify all forces acting on it and describe their directions.
Gravity (downward), Fg,y and normal force (perpendicular to the incline), friction (opposite the motion), Fg,x (Direction of Motion)
Two forces act on a 5 kg object: 20 N east and 15 N west. What is the acceleration of the object?
1 m/s2