Trade
This route connected China to the Mediterranean and was known for silk, porcelain, and spices.
The Silk Road
This empire, founded by Cyrus the Great, was known for religious tolerance and the royal road.
The Persian Empire
This religion, founded in India, believes in karma, dharma, and reincarnation.
Hinduism
Paper, the compass, and gunpowder were invented in this civilization.
This political and social system in Japan included samurai, daimyo, and a powerless emperor.
Feudalism
This maritime trade network connected East Africa, the Middle East, India, and Southeast Asia.
The Indian Ocean trade network
This West African empire grew rich from gold and salt trade and had rulers like Mansa Musa.
The Mali Empire
This belief system began with Siddhartha Gautama and spread to China, Korea, and Japan.
Buddhism
This civilization built extensive road systems and used terrace farming in the Andes.
Inca Empire
This rigid social hierarchy in India was linked to Hinduism.
The Caste System
Gold, salt, and slaves were commonly traded across this desert.
The Trans-Saharan trade route
This Muslim empire conquered Constantinople in 1453 and ruled much of the Middle East and Eastern Europe.
The Ottoman Empire
This monotheistic religion began in Arabia and spread through conquest and trade.
Islam
This explosive material, developed in China, changed warfare in Afro-Eurasia.
Gunpowder
In this nomadic empire, women often held more power and freedom than in settled societies.
Mongol Empire
Increased trade during this era led to the spread of Islam, goods, and technology.
The Post-Classical Era
This nomadic empire was the largest contiguous land empire in history.
The Mongol Empire
This Chinese philosophy emphasized filial piety and the importance of social harmony.
Confucianism
This European invention helped increase literacy and spread new ideas during the Renaissance.
Printing Press
In this region, slaves could serve in government, be educated, or even buy freedom.
Islamic World
The process through which ideas, religions, and technologies spread between regions through trade.
cultural diffusion
This Christian empire preserved Greco-Roman knowledge and was centered in Constantinople.
The Byzantine Empire
This is the blending of different religions or cultural traditions, such as Sikhism or Neo-Confucianism.
Syncretism
These tools helped sailors navigate long ocean voyages, contributing to the Age of Exploration.
Compass and Astrolabe
These people often owned land, held political power, and were at the top of social pyramids.
The Elites or Aristocracy