Electron Configurations
Each orbital can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.
2
Ionization energy and electronegativity __________ across a period and __________ going down a group.
increase; decrease
1.7 - 3.3, 1.6 - 0.3, 0.2 - 0.0
Bonds are between _________, forces are between ____________.
atoms; molecules
Which molecular structure of plastics is the weakest?
Branched
The p subshell can hold a maxium of _____ electrons.
6
Atomic radius ___________ across a period and ____________ going down a group.
decreases; increases
Metals tend to ______ electrons, making them have a ___________ charge; nonmetals tend to _______ electrons, making them have a ___________ charge.
lose, positive; gain, negative
What are the 3 types of forces?
Dipole - Dipole Forces, Hydrogen Bonding, London Dispersion Forces
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
The total amount of matter present in a system before the reaction occurs always equals the total amount of matter present after the reaction occurs
What are the two rules/principles to take into consideration regarding this topic?
Aufbau Principle & Hunds Rule
Number of protons in an atom is known as the _________ _______; the sum of protons and neutrons is known as the _________ _______; the weighted average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element is known as the __________ _________ _______.
atomic number; mass number; average atomic mass
What is the lewis dot structure for Oxygen?
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons so...
Rank the forces from weakest to strongest.
London < Dipole < Hydrogen
You are given this turkey sandwich recipe:
2 pieces of bread + 4 slices of turkey + 1 piece of cheese ---> 1 sandwich
If you needed to make 1350 sandwiches, how many pieces of turkey would you need?
5400 pieces of turkey
(Law of Definite Proportions)
What is the definition of the Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule?
Aufbau: the lowest energy subshells must be fully occupied before advancing to higher energies
Hund's: you must singly occupy each orbital before you can go back and doubly occupy
Name all of the groups of the periodic table.
Group 1, Group 2, Groups 3 - 12, Group 17, Group 18
Group 1: alkali earth metals
Group 2: alkaline earth metals
Groups 3 - 12: transitional metals
Group 17: halogens
Group 18: noble gases
What is the chemical formula for Potassium Oxide?
K2O
Hydrogen bonding can only occur between hydrogen and ____, ____, or ____.
N, F, O
Balance the following chemical reaction and state what kind of reaction is occurring:
CaCl2 + Na3PO4 ---> NaCl + Ca3(PO4)2
3CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 ---> 6NaCl + Ca3(PO4)2
Double Displacement Reaction
Write the electron configuration and draw the orbital diagram for Potassium (K).
1s22s22p63s23p64s1
Orbital diagram...
Rank the following from least to greatest electronegativity: K, Mg, Sr, Cl
K < Sr < Mg < Cl
Draw the correct type of bond structure for CO2.
....
Draw the correct bonding and polarity of KCl.
.....
Aluminum reacts with oxygen to form aluminum oxide. Write the balanced equation for this chemical reaction:
4Al + 3O2 ---> 2Al2O3