Ecosystems
A relationship between organisms where at least one organism benefits.
What is symbiosis?
This type of plate boundary occurs where plates move away from each other.
What is a divergent boundary?
Chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream and regulate body processes
What are hormones?
Cells that carry electrical messages throughout the body
What are neurons?
Things that can cause disease when they invade the body.
What are pathogen?
What is the word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon Dioxide + Water (in the presence of sunlight) > Oxygen + Glucose
The area in which earthquakes and volcanoes tend to occur.
What are plate boundaries?
Term that describes the body's ability to maintain a stable state.
What is homeostasis?
This automatic and rapid response bypasses the brain to protect the body from harm
What is a reflex action?
A disease that is caused by a pathogen
What is an infectious disease?
This method uses randomly placed squares to estimate population size in plants or slow-moving animals.
What is a quadrat?
Describe what changes with depth below Earth's surface (from crust > inner core)
Temperature and Pressure both increase
What is insulin?
Describe the stimulus-response model?
Stimuli - Receptors - CNS - Effectors - Response
This occurs when the body remembers a pathogen and responds faster in future infections
What is immunity?
This term refers to a species introduced to an ecosystem that spreads rapidly and disrupts existing interactions.
What is an invasive species?
The crust and upper mantle, that makes up a tectonic plate.
What is the lithosphere?
List all the glands of the endocrine system?
Pineal, Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenals, Pancreas, Gonads.
What is the difference between a receptor and an effector?
Receptor is a cell that detects stimuli of a specific type. An effector is an organ (muscle, gland) that acts in response to a stimulus.
Proteins that B cells produce to identify and fight specific pathogens
What are antibodies?
Explain how matter is lost in a food chain.
What are the 4 pieces of evidence for continental drift theory?
- Continents fit together like puzzle pieces
- Mountain ranges line up
- Common fossils/rocks found across continents
- Seafloor spreading
Compare the endocrine system and the nervous system.
Nervous system is faster, signals travel along neurons
Endocrine system has a slower response but typically longer-lasting effects, hormones travel through the bloodstream.
Describe the path an electrical impulse takes through a neuron.
Dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminals, synapse - next neuron.
Describe the role of each line of defence and include a feature of each.
1: Stops pathogens entering body (skin, mucus, urine flow, tears, stomach acid etc.)
2: General response once pathogen enters body (fever, inflammation, phagocytes)
3: Specific response once pathogens enter body (B cells, Antibodies, memory cells)