Conservation of Energy
This fundamental law of physics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
Law of Conservation of Energy
This term describes the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object, which we typically measure with a thermometer.
Temperature
Coal, oil, and natural gas are collectively known by this term because they formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years.
Fossil Fuels
This type of material, like copper or aluminum, allows electric charges to flow through it easily.
Conductor
This is the highest point of a transverse wave.
Crest
As a roller coaster cars climbs to the very top of the first hill, this specific type of energy reaches its maximum.
Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)
This method of thermal energy transfer occurs through direct contact, such as burning your hand on a hot metal pan.
Conduction
This clean, renewable energy resource uses photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight directly into electricity.
Solar Energy
In this type of circuit, there is only one single path for the current to flow. If one lightbulb burns out, they all go out.
Series Circuit
Sound is this type of mechanical wave, where the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction the wave travels.
Longitudinal Wave
As a dropped bouncy ball falls toward the floor, its potential energy decreases while this type of energy increases.
Kinetic Energy (KE)
This type of heat transfer creates currents in fluids (liquids or gases) because warm, less-dense material rises while cool, denser material sinks.
Convection
What is the primary difference between a renewable resource and a non-renewable one? Hint: think of a time frame.
Non-renewable cannot regenerate within 1 human life time.
Houses are wired using this type of circuit, which contains multiple paths for current so that turning off the kitchen lights doesn't turn off the TV.
Parallel Circuit
This term refers to the number of wave crests that pass a fixed point per second, measured in Hertz (Hz)
Frequency
If a closed system starts with 500 J of potential energy at the top of a hill, what is the total amount of mechanical energy it will have halfway down the hill.
500 J
Unlike conduction and convection, this type of thermal energy transfer can travel through the vacuum of empty space via electromagnetic waves.
Radiation
This type of nuclear reaction is used in nuclear powerplants.
Nuclear Fission
According to Ohm's Law, if you increase the resistance in a circuit while keeping the voltage the same, this will happen to the current.
This wave vibrates perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of wave travel.
Transverse Waves
When a car brakes to a stop, its kinetic energy isn't lost; instead, it is transformed into these two less-useful types of energy due to friction.
Thermal energy and Sound
This physical property describes the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degree C. (Hint: Water has a very high one!).
Specific Heat
While nuclear power does not produce greenhouse gases, it is still considered non-renewable because it relies on mining finite reserves of this heavy element.
Uranium
If a circuit has a current of 10 A and a resistance of 5 ohms, what is the potential difference (Volts)?
50 V
What happens to the frequency of a wave if the wavelength increases?
Frequency decreases