Darwin's theory
A change in a species over time.
What is evolution?
Organisms in similar habitats will acquire similar characteristics?
What is biogeography?
All the genes and alleles in a population?
what are alleles?
The movement of genes in or out of a population.
A term to describe that species evolve slowly over time
What is gradualism?
Darwin's 3 main observations.
What is species vary globally, locally and over time.
What are homologous structures?
when genetic recombination occurs?
what is sexual reproductin?
A type of selection in which the average phenotype has the highest fitness.
What is stabilizing selection?
When 2 species acquire similar traits due to adapting to similar environments
What is convergent evolution?
Selecting which organisms we want to mate based on desired characteristics.
What is artificial selection?
A structure that has no purpose but might have had a purpose in ancestral organisms.
What are vestigial structures?
A trait that is controlled by many genes.
What is a polygenic trait?
A type of evolutionary mechanism that is due to chance.
What is genetic drift?
When a huge amount of species dies off suddenly.
What is a mass extinction?
The person who said organisms can change during their lifetime by selection. For example, If giraffe's didn't use their neck it would get smaller in their life and their kids would have small necks.
Who is Lamarck?
The wing of a bat and wing of a butterfly are examples of what?
what are analagous structures?
A type of genetic variation that occurs during DNA replication or transcription/translation
What is mutation?
A bird species that first sets foot on an island would experience this type of isolation.
What is geographic isolation?
A theory of how eukaryotic cells formed
What is endosymbiont theory?
What are the 3 requirements for natural selection to occur?
What is struggle for existence, variation and adaptation and differential reproductive success?
The remains of dead organisms that we use to compare species
what are fossils?
Bacteria can exchange DNA with each other. What is this known as?
What is lateral gene transfer?
When birds first migrated to galapagos islands they might have had different allele frequencies because of.
What is the founder effect?
The type of organism that first added oxygen to the atmosphere (be specific)
What are photosynthetic prokaryotes?