The Mole
Qualitative Chemical Reactions
Reaction Stoicheometry
Solutions
Colligative Properties
100
the amount substances are measured in; a pure substance that contains the same amount of chemical units as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon
What is a Mole?
100
describes the process of a color change, change in state ( formation of a solid or gas production), fire, and temperature change; follows the format: Reactants --> Products
What is a Chemical Reaction?
100
1. Balanced Equation 2. Dimensional Analysis to convert the given mass to moles 3. Multiply by Mole to Mole Ratio 4. Use dimensional analysis to make final conversion
What is the steps to calculating a second substances moles?
100
the substance that is being dissolved into another substance; the smaller amount
What is Solute?
100
The three colligative properties
What is Boiling Point, Density, and Vapor Pressure?
200
based on the element, molecule, or formula given, this is the exact mass EX. H2O = 2H + O = (2 x 1.008) + (1 x 16.00) = 18.016
What is Molar Mass?
200
1. H, N, O, F, Cl and noble gases are gases 2. Non-metal oxides are gases 3. Sn and Br are liquid 4. H2O is a liquid 5. Other elements and their ionic compounds are solid 6. All acids are aqueous; HF, HCN, HCL, and H2S are gases when the reaction is placed into solution
What is the process of determining a substances state of matter?
200
1. Mole --> ? (1mol/22.44L) ? --> Mole (22.44L/1mol) 2. Mole --> ? (#g/1mol) ? --> Mole (1mol/#g) 3. Mole --> ? (6.022 x 10^23/1mol) ? --> Mole (1mol/6.022 x 10^23)
What are the conversions to Volume, Mass, and Particle?
200
A substance that is dissolving another substance; the larger amount
What is Solvent?
200
1. is the pressure released by a vapor on the container and the liquid 2. the temperature where the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure, the point in which energy is released in gas because there was too much energy added
What are the definitions of Vapor Pressure and Boiling point?
300
After the empirical formula has been found, the exact number of atoms in each element; all atoms are expressed not just a common ratio Ex. H2O = H4O2
What is Molecular Formula?
300
1. AB+CD --> AD +CB 2. Always produces oxygen gas 3. Only produces one product 4.One reactant breaks into two products
What is Double Replacement Reaction, Combustion Reaction, Synthesis Reaction, and Decomposition Reaction?
300
Mols #2 / Mols #1
What is the Mole Ratio?
300
Provide temperature, amount of solute per 100g of H2O, to describe the concentration of a solution
What is a Solubility Curve?
300
∆T_( b)= K_b x Molality x i
What is the equation for calculating a new boiling point?
400
Given the mass and the percentage, this is the formula that expresses the simplest amount of atoms in a compound
What is Empirical Formula?
400
1. The losing of electrons; becoming more positive 2. The gaining of electrons; becoming more negative
What is Oxidation and Reduction?
400
The reactant that is completely consumed
What is the Limiting Reactant?
400
Formula for Molarity (M)
What is moles of solute / liters of solution?
400
∆T_( f)= K_f x Molality x i
What is the equation for calculating the new freezing point?
500
can also be represented in subscripts (or ions) based on those found in the mole of a substance
What is Mole?
500
gas, H2CO3
What is H2O+CO3?
500
Percent Yield Equation
What is (Actual yield of product / Theoretical(expected) yield of product) x 100
500
The formula for Dilution
What is M1V1=M2V2, where M is molarity and V is volume?
500
Boiling point increases in order to get the energy it needs to heat it. Freezing point decreases because it needs a lower temperature in order to freeze the added substance.
What happens when a solute is added to a substance?
M
e
n
u