Rhetorical Devices
Ask not what your country will do for you, but what will you do for your country?
What two devices are being used in this famous JFK quote?
Hypophora--rhetorical question
Chiasmus-reversal (will for you...you do for...)
Define claim, counterclaim, and rebuttal.
claim-your central argument
counterclaim-the other side of your argument
rebuttal-an example that reveals why the counterclaim is wrong.
On average, human beings are more afraid of ________________ than death.
Speaking in front of a crowd
When a commercial includes somber music and images of sad dogs standing in the rain...the advertisement is appealing to your emotions, or THIS appeal: __________________________
PATHOS
DAILY DOUBLE
In Dwight's speech, identify the devices he used in the following excerpts:
"Blood alone moves the wheels of history."
"Have you ever asked yourself in an hour of meditation, how long you have been striving for greatness?"
"It is a struggle. A never-ending, lifelong fight."
"Be worthy of this honor during a historical hour."
"Salesmen and women, we must never acquiesce, never divide. We must unite."
Define 'scesis onomaton' and provide an example. A sample. A specimen. An exemplar.
SO=a list of generally synonymous words
Example: We were victorious, accomplished, successful.
In writing creatively, as you did with your narrative essay this semester, identify two devices of 'show don't tell' techniques you were encouraged to use.
-dialogue
-sensory detail
-give characters gestures and movements while they speak
-show vs. tell a visual emotion--what does scared look like?
Provide two common DOs and DONTs of public speaking/giving a speech
DO: practice, make eye contact with crowd, be confident, be brief, speak clearly and project your voice, etc.
DON'T: insult audience, chew gum, mumble, curse, fidget excessively, etc.
Identify two ways a speaker or presenter can come across as using ethical appeal before they even begin their presentation.
-Dressed professionally
-Poise
-Confidence
-Prepared
"In hurried Gatsby, in his white suit and gold colored tie" (84).
What device is Fitzgerald using here and what does it 'stand for'/symbolize?
Motif--use of color
white/gold=Daisy, purity, wealth...
We must feed the vines of hope so they remain strong and full of livelihood and not perish in a weakening death.
What two devices are at work here? Identify them in the sentence.
vines of hope=metaphor
strong/livelihood/weakening death=antithesis
Claim: Uniformed dress codes should be enforced at all high schools because it would eliminate inappropriate or distracting clothing.
Counterclaim:
Rebuttal:
Answers will vary
Counterclaim: Freedom of dress allows students to be creative with their own style and be comfortable while at school.
Rebuttal: When these students enter the working world, they will have to adhere to a strict dress code or even wear a uniform that isn't exactly their style!
What is a target audience and provide an example.
Target audience: who a message or information is being aimed at.
Ex: A commercial for dog food=people who have dog and will buy the product
Ex: Steve Job's commencement address at Stanford=the graduates
Identify the three different persuasive appeals we worked with this semester and provide an example/definition of each.
Ethos-Ethical (I trust you)
Pathos-Emotion (You make me react with feeling)
Logos-Logical (numbers, statistics, percents)
"Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice..."
Identify three familiar literary devices being used in above passage. Who spoke these famous words? Where?
Alliteration
Metaphor x2
Allusion
MLK Jr. In Washington DC.
The animals are suffering-they didn’t ask for that. The animals are confused-they didn’t ask for that. The animals are neglected-they didn’t ask for that.
Identify two devices being used. What advertiser or organization might use wordage like this in an ad or commercial?
Anaphora-repeats at beginning
Antistrophe--repeats at the end
SPCA, PETA, Animal activists
Turn the following 'tell' sentence into a quick 'show'...
It was a nice spring day.
The welcoming sun shone through the young leaves and their shadows danced over the lawn. Low in the blue sky, a pair of robins fluttered together looking for worms in the garden just below.
What is the technique when speakers incorporate their own personal experience with the issue or topic into their speech/presentation?
Why is this technique often effective?
Anecdotal evidence
It helps the audience connect with the speaker, maybe strengthen trust (ethos) or relatability.
Dissect the displayed advertisement for the appeals being used. How might they 'work' on an audience?
Pathos-I feel happy/confident/it is so easy! Great!
Logos-Numbers compare costs/$$ with competitor
Provide an example of the following devices from Catcher in the Rye:
-symbolism
-characterization
-conflict
symbols: red hard, baseball glove
characterization: Holden is depressed. Cynical. Immature. Curious. Observant.
Conflict: H's brother died
Using the post-test from the other day, skip ahead to the JFK speech. Each group member must provide one of the devices they labeled.
antithesis, allusion, anaphora, chiasmus, alliteration, metaphor...
Put the following parts of a web. resource in proper MLA format:
-Ethan York
-New York Times
-The Demise of a Generation (title of article)
-7 June 2019
York, Ethan. "The Demise of a Generation." The New York Times. 7 June 2019. Print.
DAILY DOUBLE
Speakers often use PATHOS to appeal to their audience. Identify three other words, one of which MUST be one of our S2 vocabulary words, that share the same root as this emotional appeal.
Who is the 'ethos' in the building about health issues?
What kind of logos could Mr. Herbert provide about suspension rates?
How could the yearbook committee use pathos to convince their target audience to buy a yearbook?
-School nurse, Ms. Grise, Ms. McGinley
-#s re: how many suspensions this year, %s about infractions, amounts of re-offenses, how many days out on average, etc.
-Make you feel sentimental about memories...
What vocabulary word did we have in class that was also an example of a rhetorical device? Provide the word, its definition, part of speech, and an example of it in action.
antithesis (noun)
opposite
We rise like brothers or fall like fools.