Module 22
What are the physiological states of day dreaming?
Hallucinations
Our bodies roughly synchronize with the 24-hour cycle of day and night by an internal biological clock called the?
Circadian Rythm
As we age sleep __ change
patterns
What test are done to show that hypnosis can reduce activity in regions that reduce pain?
PET
what is it called when recordings confirm that the brains auditory cortex responds to sound stimuli even during sleep
Electroencephalograph
What is hypnosis used for?
treatment of pain/stress
What sleep function helps restore and repair brain tissue? (Ex: Bats and other animals with high waking metabolism burn a lot of calories, producing a lot of free radicals, molecules that are toxic to neurons).
Recuperate
When are people most likely to have nightmares occur?
After trauma
What does one have to do to be hypnotized?
openness/ability to focus
what is the periodic, natural loss of conciousness ( as the distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation)
sleep
Who called our consciousness a stream with each moment flowing to the next?
William James
What are hypnagogic and what REM stage are the in?
You may have a sensation of falling (at which moment your body may suddenly jerk) or of floating weightlessly. REM 1
What was the theory about when dreams provide a psychic safety valve expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings?
Freuds wish- fulfillment theory
Does hypnosis block sensory input?
No, hypnosis does not block sensory input, but it may block our attention to those stimuli.
Which type of REM sleep invloves richly storyline hallucinations?
REM
What is the Stroop effect?
in another experiment researchers invited hypnotizable and non-hypnotizable people to say the color of letters. This is an easy task, but it slows if, say green letters form from the conflicting word RED, a phenomenon known as the Stroop Effect.
What is called when a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus controls circadian rhythm?
suprachiasmatic nucleus
According to Freud the underlying meaning of a dream is called a..?
LATENT CONTENT
Does hypnosis work on everyone?
no
What stage of REM stage does your brain waves become rapid and saw toothed
REM
What is the difference between altered state of consciousness and consciousness?
In an altered state of consciousness, your level of awareness either decreases or increases compared to normal waking consciousness. You become more or less aware of your surroundings/ perceptions.
The SCN does its job in part by causing the brain's pineal gland to ___ its production of sleep-inducing hormone ___ in the morning and to increase it in the evening.
decrease; melatonin
What was a critical consideration in the information processing theory?
why do we dream about things we don't experience
What is combined when being hypothetically refreshed?
"Hypothetically refreshed" memories combine fact with fiction
Dement aske dthis sleep deprived young man, lying on his back with eyelids taped open, to press a button everytime a strobe of light flashed his eyes (about every 6 seconds) After a few minutes the young man missed one. This is an example of
REM 1