Low-Level Vision
This is a 1-mm block of striate cortex containing two sets of columns, each covering every possible orientation (0-180 degrees), with one set preferring input from the left eye and the other set preferring input from the right eye.
What is a hypercolumn?
Emphasizes that the perceptual whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
What are Gestalt psychologists?
This disorder is a failure to recognize objects visually in spite of the ability to see them.
What is agnosia?
According to the trichromatic color theory, the perception of color is based on the output of this many cones.
What is three?
This is any sort of depth cue that can be depicted by an artist on a canvas.
What are pictorial depth cues?
If a movie projector is out of focus and the images on the screen are blurry, these spatial frequencies are missing.
What are high spatial frequencies?
Things that are close together appear to be more related than things that are spaced farther apart.
What is proximity?
A neurological disorder in which someone cannot identify faces, but can recognize other types of objects.
What is prospagnosia?
According to the opponent color theory, the perception of color is based on the output of our cones with opponency between how many colors?
What is two?
The process by which the eye changes its focus by adjusting the lens.
What is accomodation?
The orderly mapping of the world in the LGN and visual cortex.
What is topographical mapping?
The main object to be recognized in an image.
What is a figure?
This term refers to a neuron that responds best to one specific object.
What is a grandmother cell?
These are different mixtures of wavelengths that look identical.
What are metamers?
This is an important depth cue that comes into play during head movements or while moving through an environment.
What is motion parallax?
The size an object takes up on the retina.
What is visual angle?
This Gestalt grouping principle states that elements moving in the same direction should be grouped together.
What is common fate?
We cannot possibly store enough of these in memory to match every object we might encounter.
What are templates?
This is the inability to perceive colors due to damage to the central nervous system.
What is achromatopsia?
This happens when two different images are presented to the two eyes.
What is binocular rivalry?
The diminishing response of a sense organ to a sustained stimulus.
By circling two objects you are using this grouping principle.
What is common region?
What object representations are made of, according to the recognition-by-components model of object recognition.
What are geons?
This is the idea that basic perceptual experiences may be determined in part by the cultural environment.
What is cultural relativism? (or the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis)
The problem of determining which bit of the image in the left eye should be matched with which bit of image in the right eye.
What is the correspondence problem?