Theories
Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations.
What is top-down processing
The protective outer layer of the eye
Cornea
This part of the middle ear receives sound waves that travel down the auditory canal
Tympanic membrane (ear drum)
Process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive stimulus from the environment
Sensation
A form of selective attention that requires you to focus your attention on one element while intentionally drowning out the background
Cocktail party effect
This theory explains our perception of pain, such as the reason that someone might pursue a practice like acupuncture where nerve fibers are stimulated to reduce the perception of pain.
What is Gate Control Theory?
The dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light
Hue
Nerve responsible for relaying messages from the ear to the brain
Auditory Nerve
You enter a room and notice a strong smell but after a few minutes you no longer smell it because of
Sensory Adaptation
When you focus closely on one thing, you are likely to fail to notice things around you
inattentional blindness
Our awareness of faint stimuli illustrates our
What is absolute threshold
The visible spectrum of light (colors we can see)
ROYGBIV
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
The part of the inner ear that does not influence auditory processes, but influences the sense of balance and equilibrium
Vestibular System (semicircular canals)
The lens focuses the rays by changing its curvature in a process called
Accomodation
When you reach into a bag and feel and object then you try to determine what it is, what type of processing are you using
Bottom-up
Give an example of where subliminal persuasion would be used
Advertising
Identify the two types of photoreceptors found in the retina
Cones and Rods
Damage to the mechanical systems of the middle ear leads to
Conduction hearing loss
Proprioceptors in the skin serve what purpose
body movement and positioning
This theory explains why we perceive objects as being different sizes even though they are not
Meuller-Lyer
The afterimage effect is best explained by which theory on how we perceive color?
Opponent Processing Theory
Genetic visual disorder carried on the X chromosome that creates indistinction between certain wavelengths of the visible spectrum
Color blindness
The 3 smallest bones of the body are in the inner ear, name 2
hammer, stirrup, anvil
The minimum difference between 2 stimuli required for detection 50% of the time
difference threshold
The principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage
Weber's Law